Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α
Background: Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) has been used as a health supplement and herbal medicine. Astrocytes are one of the key cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and have bioenergetic potential as they stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. They play a critical role in connecting the brai...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Ginseng Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S122684532100107X |
| _version_ | 1828823879332659200 |
|---|---|
| author | Jinhong Park Minjae Lee Minsu Kim Sunhong Moon Seunghee Kim Sueun Kim Seong-Ho Koh Young-Myeong Kim Yoon Kyung Choi |
| author_facet | Jinhong Park Minjae Lee Minsu Kim Sunhong Moon Seunghee Kim Sueun Kim Seong-Ho Koh Young-Myeong Kim Yoon Kyung Choi |
| author_sort | Jinhong Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) has been used as a health supplement and herbal medicine. Astrocytes are one of the key cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and have bioenergetic potential as they stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. They play a critical role in connecting the brain vasculature and nerves in the CNS. Methods: Brain samples from KRGE-administered mice were tested using immunohistochemistry. Treatment of human brain astrocytes with KRGE was subjected to assays such as proliferation, cytotoxicity, Mitotracker, ATP production, and O2 consumption rate as well as western blotting to demonstrate the expression of proteins related to mitochondria functions. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was diminished utilizing siRNA transfection. Results: Brain samples from KRGE-administered mice harbored an increased number of GFAP-expressing astrocytes. KRGE triggered the proliferation of astrocytes in vitro. Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis induced by KRGE was detected using Mitotracker staining, ATP production, and O2 consumption rate assays. The expression of proteins related to mitochondrial electron transport was increased in KRGE-treated astrocytes. These effects were blocked by HIF-1α knockdown. The factors secreted from KRGE-treated astrocytes were determined, revealing the expression of various cytokines and growth factors, especially those related to angiogenesis and neurogenesis. KRGE-treated astrocyte conditioned media enhanced the differentiation of adult neural stem cells into mature neurons, increasing the migration of endothelial cells, and these effects were reduced in the background of HIF-1α knockdown. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that KRGE exhibits prophylactic potential by stimulating astrocyte mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α, resulting in improved neurovascular function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:45:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bce52d96fd14316b886c6b13a71f0a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1226-8453 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:45:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ginseng Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bce52d96fd14316b886c6b13a71f0a82022-12-22T00:22:42ZengElsevierJournal of Ginseng Research1226-84532022-05-01463408417Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1αJinhong Park0Minjae Lee1Minsu Kim2Sunhong Moon3Seunghee Kim4Sueun Kim5Seong-Ho Koh6Young-Myeong Kim7Yoon Kyung Choi8Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.Background: Korean Red Ginseng extract (KRGE) has been used as a health supplement and herbal medicine. Astrocytes are one of the key cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and have bioenergetic potential as they stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. They play a critical role in connecting the brain vasculature and nerves in the CNS. Methods: Brain samples from KRGE-administered mice were tested using immunohistochemistry. Treatment of human brain astrocytes with KRGE was subjected to assays such as proliferation, cytotoxicity, Mitotracker, ATP production, and O2 consumption rate as well as western blotting to demonstrate the expression of proteins related to mitochondria functions. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was diminished utilizing siRNA transfection. Results: Brain samples from KRGE-administered mice harbored an increased number of GFAP-expressing astrocytes. KRGE triggered the proliferation of astrocytes in vitro. Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis induced by KRGE was detected using Mitotracker staining, ATP production, and O2 consumption rate assays. The expression of proteins related to mitochondrial electron transport was increased in KRGE-treated astrocytes. These effects were blocked by HIF-1α knockdown. The factors secreted from KRGE-treated astrocytes were determined, revealing the expression of various cytokines and growth factors, especially those related to angiogenesis and neurogenesis. KRGE-treated astrocyte conditioned media enhanced the differentiation of adult neural stem cells into mature neurons, increasing the migration of endothelial cells, and these effects were reduced in the background of HIF-1α knockdown. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that KRGE exhibits prophylactic potential by stimulating astrocyte mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α, resulting in improved neurovascular function.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S122684532100107XKorean Red GinsengAstrocytic mitochondrial biogenesisHypoxia-inducible factor-1αAngiogenesisNeural stem cell differentiation |
| spellingShingle | Jinhong Park Minjae Lee Minsu Kim Sunhong Moon Seunghee Kim Sueun Kim Seong-Ho Koh Young-Myeong Kim Yoon Kyung Choi Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α Journal of Ginseng Research Korean Red Ginseng Astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α Angiogenesis Neural stem cell differentiation |
| title | Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α |
| title_full | Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α |
| title_fullStr | Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α |
| title_short | Prophylactic role of Korean Red Ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through HIF-1α |
| title_sort | prophylactic role of korean red ginseng in astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis through hif 1α |
| topic | Korean Red Ginseng Astrocytic mitochondrial biogenesis Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α Angiogenesis Neural stem cell differentiation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S122684532100107X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinhongpark prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT minjaelee prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT minsukim prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT sunhongmoon prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT seungheekim prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT sueunkim prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT seonghokoh prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT youngmyeongkim prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a AT yoonkyungchoi prophylacticroleofkoreanredginsenginastrocyticmitochondrialbiogenesisthroughhif1a |