Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model
Valved conduits are often required to replace pulmonary arteries (PA). A widely used Contegra device is made of bovine jugular vein (BJV), preserved with glutaraldehyde (GA) and iso-propanol. However, it has several drawbacks that may be attributed to its chemical treatment. We hypothesized that the...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| author | Nataliya R. Nichay Anna A. Dokuchaeva Yuriy Yu. Kulyabin Evgeniy V. Boyarkin Elena V. Kuznetsova Yanina L. Rusakova Ivan S. Murashov Andrey A. Vaver Alexander V. Bogachev-Prokophiev Irina Yu. Zhuravleva |
| author_facet | Nataliya R. Nichay Anna A. Dokuchaeva Yuriy Yu. Kulyabin Evgeniy V. Boyarkin Elena V. Kuznetsova Yanina L. Rusakova Ivan S. Murashov Andrey A. Vaver Alexander V. Bogachev-Prokophiev Irina Yu. Zhuravleva |
| author_sort | Nataliya R. Nichay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Valved conduits are often required to replace pulmonary arteries (PA). A widely used Contegra device is made of bovine jugular vein (BJV), preserved with glutaraldehyde (GA) and iso-propanol. However, it has several drawbacks that may be attributed to its chemical treatment. We hypothesized that the use of an alternative preservation compound may significantly improve BJV conduit performance. This study aimed to compare the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the BJV treated with diepoxide (DE) and GA in a porcine model. Twelve DE-BJVs and four Contegra conduits were used for PA replacement in minipigs. To assess the isolated influence of GA, we included an additional control group—BJV treated with 0.625% GA (n = 4). The animals were withdrawn after 6 months of follow-up and the conduits were examined. Explanted DE-BJV had a soft elastic wall with no signs of thrombosis or calcification and good conduit integration, including myofibroblast germination, an ingrowth of soft connective tissue formations and remarkable neoangiogenesis. The inner surface of DE-BJVs was covered by a thin neointimal layer with a solid endothelium. Contegra grafts had a stiffer wall with thrombosis on the leaflets. Calcified foci, chondroid metaplasia, and hyalinosis were observed within the wall. The distal anastomotic sites had hyperplastic neointima, partially covered with the endothelium. The wall of GA-BJV was stiff and rigid with degenerative changes, a substantial amount of calcium deposits and dense fibrotic formations in adventitia. An irregular neointimal layer was presented in the anastomotic sites without endothelial cover in the GA BJV wall. These results demonstrate that DE treatment improves conduit integration and the endothelialization of the inner surface while preventing the mineralization of the BJV, which may reduce the risk of early conduit dysfunction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:59:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1bd05bbc86d84aa0b9350b7f2fd55828 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:59:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1bd05bbc86d84aa0b9350b7f2fd558282023-11-24T14:31:31ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-11-011111310110.3390/biomedicines11113101Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig ModelNataliya R. Nichay0Anna A. Dokuchaeva1Yuriy Yu. Kulyabin2Evgeniy V. Boyarkin3Elena V. Kuznetsova4Yanina L. Rusakova5Ivan S. Murashov6Andrey A. Vaver7Alexander V. Bogachev-Prokophiev8Irina Yu. Zhuravleva9E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaE. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya St., Novosibirsk 630055, RussiaValved conduits are often required to replace pulmonary arteries (PA). A widely used Contegra device is made of bovine jugular vein (BJV), preserved with glutaraldehyde (GA) and iso-propanol. However, it has several drawbacks that may be attributed to its chemical treatment. We hypothesized that the use of an alternative preservation compound may significantly improve BJV conduit performance. This study aimed to compare the macroscopic and microscopic properties of the BJV treated with diepoxide (DE) and GA in a porcine model. Twelve DE-BJVs and four Contegra conduits were used for PA replacement in minipigs. To assess the isolated influence of GA, we included an additional control group—BJV treated with 0.625% GA (n = 4). The animals were withdrawn after 6 months of follow-up and the conduits were examined. Explanted DE-BJV had a soft elastic wall with no signs of thrombosis or calcification and good conduit integration, including myofibroblast germination, an ingrowth of soft connective tissue formations and remarkable neoangiogenesis. The inner surface of DE-BJVs was covered by a thin neointimal layer with a solid endothelium. Contegra grafts had a stiffer wall with thrombosis on the leaflets. Calcified foci, chondroid metaplasia, and hyalinosis were observed within the wall. The distal anastomotic sites had hyperplastic neointima, partially covered with the endothelium. The wall of GA-BJV was stiff and rigid with degenerative changes, a substantial amount of calcium deposits and dense fibrotic formations in adventitia. An irregular neointimal layer was presented in the anastomotic sites without endothelial cover in the GA BJV wall. These results demonstrate that DE treatment improves conduit integration and the endothelialization of the inner surface while preventing the mineralization of the BJV, which may reduce the risk of early conduit dysfunction.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/3101bovine jugular veinContegradiepoxideglutaraldehydepulmonary conduitright ventricular outflow tract reconstruction |
| spellingShingle | Nataliya R. Nichay Anna A. Dokuchaeva Yuriy Yu. Kulyabin Evgeniy V. Boyarkin Elena V. Kuznetsova Yanina L. Rusakova Ivan S. Murashov Andrey A. Vaver Alexander V. Bogachev-Prokophiev Irina Yu. Zhuravleva Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model Biomedicines bovine jugular vein Contegra diepoxide glutaraldehyde pulmonary conduit right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction |
| title | Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model |
| title_full | Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model |
| title_fullStr | Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model |
| title_short | Epoxy- versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit for Pulmonary Valve Replacement: A Comparison of Morphological Changes in a Pig Model |
| title_sort | epoxy versus glutaraldehyde treated bovine jugular vein conduit for pulmonary valve replacement a comparison of morphological changes in a pig model |
| topic | bovine jugular vein Contegra diepoxide glutaraldehyde pulmonary conduit right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/3101 |
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