Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers
Objective: To determine airborne-fungi contamination in herbal inhalers, potentially causing opportunistic fungal infection. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study determined airborne-fungi contaminated in 45 samples of sealed, newly-opened herbal inhalers distributed in Samutprakarn province...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Prince of Songkla University
2015-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR) |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jhsmr.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/176 |
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| author | Patcharee Kammarnjassadakul Watcharin Rangsipanuratn Jidapa Szekely Teeraporn Chanakit Isaya Janwithayanuchit Ariya Chindamporn |
| author_facet | Patcharee Kammarnjassadakul Watcharin Rangsipanuratn Jidapa Szekely Teeraporn Chanakit Isaya Janwithayanuchit Ariya Chindamporn |
| author_sort | Patcharee Kammarnjassadakul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To determine airborne-fungi contamination in herbal inhalers, potentially causing opportunistic fungal infection.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study determined airborne-fungi contaminated in 45 samples of sealed, newly-opened herbal inhalers distributed in Samutprakarn province, Thailand. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of fungi isolated from the inhalers were determined by PCR and DNA sequencing.
Results: Of 45 samples, 33 were positive for contaminant fungi (73.3%). The fungi can be divided into 2 groups;opportunistic fungi and contaminant fungi. The opportunistic fungi were Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus calidoustus, Cladosporium cladosporioides,Cladosporium spp., Penicillium citrinum, Bipolaris papendorfii, Clavispora lusitaniae and Candida orthopsilosis, whereas contaminant fungi were Emericella variecolor, Neurospora intermedia, Trametes polyzona and Glomerella graminicola. Prevalence of the opportunistic fungi isolated from different product ingredients was 100%, 83.3% and 40%, from products with air-dried herbs, air-dried herbs mixed with fragrant oil and finger citron, respectively.
Conclusion: Contaminant fungi have been isolated from several herbal inhaler samples. Importantly, the most common opportunistic fungi, Aspergillus spp. were found in the studied samples. In order to decrease the risk of unexpected fungal infection through inhaling fungal spores from herbal inhalers, the Food and Drug Administration should investigate and qualify a production control of manufacturers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:41:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bd4404d54f44d09b42a51974c082ba8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2586-9981 2630-0559 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:41:03Z |
| publishDate | 2015-04-01 |
| publisher | Prince of Songkla University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR) |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bd4404d54f44d09b42a51974c082ba82022-12-21T19:18:40ZengPrince of Songkla UniversityJournal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR)2586-99812630-05592015-04-013326371190Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal InhalersPatcharee Kammarnjassadakul0Watcharin Rangsipanuratn1Jidapa Szekely2Teeraporn Chanakit3Isaya Janwithayanuchit4Ariya Chindamporn5Faculty of Medical Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bangplee, Samutprakarn 10540,Faculty of Medical Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bangplee, Samutprakarn 10540,Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110,Division of Pharmacy Practices, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Warinchumrab, Ubon Ratchathani 34190,Faculty of Medical Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bangplee, Samutprakarn 10540,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330,Objective: To determine airborne-fungi contamination in herbal inhalers, potentially causing opportunistic fungal infection. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study determined airborne-fungi contaminated in 45 samples of sealed, newly-opened herbal inhalers distributed in Samutprakarn province, Thailand. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of fungi isolated from the inhalers were determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: Of 45 samples, 33 were positive for contaminant fungi (73.3%). The fungi can be divided into 2 groups;opportunistic fungi and contaminant fungi. The opportunistic fungi were Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus aculeatus, Aspergillus calidoustus, Cladosporium cladosporioides,Cladosporium spp., Penicillium citrinum, Bipolaris papendorfii, Clavispora lusitaniae and Candida orthopsilosis, whereas contaminant fungi were Emericella variecolor, Neurospora intermedia, Trametes polyzona and Glomerella graminicola. Prevalence of the opportunistic fungi isolated from different product ingredients was 100%, 83.3% and 40%, from products with air-dried herbs, air-dried herbs mixed with fragrant oil and finger citron, respectively. Conclusion: Contaminant fungi have been isolated from several herbal inhaler samples. Importantly, the most common opportunistic fungi, Aspergillus spp. were found in the studied samples. In order to decrease the risk of unexpected fungal infection through inhaling fungal spores from herbal inhalers, the Food and Drug Administration should investigate and qualify a production control of manufacturers.https://www.jhsmr.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/176contaminant fungiherbal inhaleropportunistic fungi |
| spellingShingle | Patcharee Kammarnjassadakul Watcharin Rangsipanuratn Jidapa Szekely Teeraporn Chanakit Isaya Janwithayanuchit Ariya Chindamporn Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers Journal of Health Science and Medical Research (JHSMR) contaminant fungi herbal inhaler opportunistic fungi |
| title | Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers |
| title_full | Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers |
| title_fullStr | Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers |
| title_short | Contamination of Opportunistic Fungi in Herbal Inhalers |
| title_sort | contamination of opportunistic fungi in herbal inhalers |
| topic | contaminant fungi herbal inhaler opportunistic fungi |
| url | https://www.jhsmr.org/index.php/jhsmr/article/view/176 |
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