Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker
Helicobacter pylori (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a highly contagious pathogenic bacterium that can cause gastrointestinal ulcers and may gradually lead to gastric cancer. <i>H. pylori</i> expresses the outer membrane HopQ protein at the earliest stages of infection. Therefore, HopQ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/527 |
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| author | Hussamaldeen Jaradat Ammar Al-Hamry Mohammed Ibbini Najla Fourati Olfa Kanoun |
| author_facet | Hussamaldeen Jaradat Ammar Al-Hamry Mohammed Ibbini Najla Fourati Olfa Kanoun |
| author_sort | Hussamaldeen Jaradat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Helicobacter pylori (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a highly contagious pathogenic bacterium that can cause gastrointestinal ulcers and may gradually lead to gastric cancer. <i>H. pylori</i> expresses the outer membrane HopQ protein at the earliest stages of infection. Therefore, HopQ is a highly reliable candidate as a biomarker for <i>H. pylori</i> detection in saliva samples. In this work, an <i>H. pylori</i> immunosensor is based on detecting HopQ as an <i>H. pylori</i> biomarker in saliva. The immunosensor was developed by surface modification of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) with MWCNT-COOH decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) followed by HopQ capture antibody grafting on SPCE/MWCNT/AuNP surface using EDC/S-NHS chemistry. The sensor performance was investigated utilizing various methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). <i>H. pylori</i> detection performance in spiked saliva samples was evaluated by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The sensor is suitable for HopQ detection with excellent sensitivity and linearity in the 10 pg/mL–100 ng/mL range, with a 2.0 pg/mL limit of detection (LOD) and an 8.6 pg/mL limit of quantification (LOQ). The sensor was tested in saliva at 10 ng/mL, and recovery of 107.6% was obtained by SWV. From Hill’s model, the dissociation constant Kd for HopQ/HopQ antibody interaction is estimated to be 4.60 × 10<sup>−10</sup> mg/mL. The fabricated platform shows high selectivity, good stability, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness for <i>H. pylori</i> early detection due to the proper choice of biomarker, the nanocomposite material utilization to boost the SPCE electrical performance, and the intrinsic selectivity of the antibody–antigen approach. Additionally, we provide insight into possible future aspects that researchers are recommended to focus on. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:53:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bd667462701430f951486ec5b0f6a1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:53:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bd667462701430f951486ec5b0f6a1d2023-11-18T00:40:58ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-05-0113552710.3390/bios13050527Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria BiomarkerHussamaldeen Jaradat0Ammar Al-Hamry1Mohammed Ibbini2Najla Fourati3Olfa Kanoun4Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyMeasurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanSATIE Laboratory, UMR CNRS 8029, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 75003 Paris, FranceMeasurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, GermanyHelicobacter pylori (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a highly contagious pathogenic bacterium that can cause gastrointestinal ulcers and may gradually lead to gastric cancer. <i>H. pylori</i> expresses the outer membrane HopQ protein at the earliest stages of infection. Therefore, HopQ is a highly reliable candidate as a biomarker for <i>H. pylori</i> detection in saliva samples. In this work, an <i>H. pylori</i> immunosensor is based on detecting HopQ as an <i>H. pylori</i> biomarker in saliva. The immunosensor was developed by surface modification of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) with MWCNT-COOH decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) followed by HopQ capture antibody grafting on SPCE/MWCNT/AuNP surface using EDC/S-NHS chemistry. The sensor performance was investigated utilizing various methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). <i>H. pylori</i> detection performance in spiked saliva samples was evaluated by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The sensor is suitable for HopQ detection with excellent sensitivity and linearity in the 10 pg/mL–100 ng/mL range, with a 2.0 pg/mL limit of detection (LOD) and an 8.6 pg/mL limit of quantification (LOQ). The sensor was tested in saliva at 10 ng/mL, and recovery of 107.6% was obtained by SWV. From Hill’s model, the dissociation constant Kd for HopQ/HopQ antibody interaction is estimated to be 4.60 × 10<sup>−10</sup> mg/mL. The fabricated platform shows high selectivity, good stability, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness for <i>H. pylori</i> early detection due to the proper choice of biomarker, the nanocomposite material utilization to boost the SPCE electrical performance, and the intrinsic selectivity of the antibody–antigen approach. Additionally, we provide insight into possible future aspects that researchers are recommended to focus on.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/527immunosensor<i>H. pylori</i>HopQsalivabiosensornanotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Hussamaldeen Jaradat Ammar Al-Hamry Mohammed Ibbini Najla Fourati Olfa Kanoun Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker Biosensors immunosensor <i>H. pylori</i> HopQ saliva biosensor nanotechnology |
| title | Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker |
| title_full | Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker |
| title_fullStr | Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker |
| title_short | Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ <i>H. pylori</i> Bacteria Biomarker |
| title_sort | novel sensitive electrochemical immunosensor development for the selective detection of hopq i h pylori i bacteria biomarker |
| topic | immunosensor <i>H. pylori</i> HopQ saliva biosensor nanotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/527 |
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