Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study
Electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) training can induce changes in the power of targeted EEG bands. The objective of this study is to enhance and evaluate the specific changes of EEG power spectral density that the brain-machine interface (BMI) users can reliably generate for power augmen...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/443 |
| _version_ | 1797538169327976448 |
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| author | Hongbo Liang Shota Maedono Yingxin Yu Chang Liu Naoya Ueda Peirang Li Chi Zhu |
| author_facet | Hongbo Liang Shota Maedono Yingxin Yu Chang Liu Naoya Ueda Peirang Li Chi Zhu |
| author_sort | Hongbo Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) training can induce changes in the power of targeted EEG bands. The objective of this study is to enhance and evaluate the specific changes of EEG power spectral density that the brain-machine interface (BMI) users can reliably generate for power augmentation through EEG-NFB training. First, we constructed an EEG-NFB training system for power augmentation. Then, three subjects were assigned to three NFB training stages, based on a 6-day consecutive training session as one stage. The subjects received real-time feedback from their EEG signals by a robotic arm while conducting flexion and extension movement with their elbow and shoulder joints, respectively. EEG signals were compared with each NFB training stage. The training results showed that EEG beta (12–40 Hz) power increased after the NFB training for both the elbow and the shoulder joints’ movements. EEG beta power showed sustained improvements during the 3-stage training, which revealed that even the short-term training could improve EEG signals significantly. Moreover, the training effect of the shoulder joints was more obvious than that of the elbow joints. These results suggest that NFB training can improve EEG signals and clarify the specific EEG changes during the movement. Our results may even provide insights into how the neural effects of NFB can be better applied to the BMI power augmentation system and improve the performance of healthy individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bf8d82a2f374d689f8dc6f59fb282c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:27:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bf8d82a2f374d689f8dc6f59fb282c62023-11-21T14:53:31ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002021-04-0123444310.3390/e23040443Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot StudyHongbo Liang0Shota Maedono1Yingxin Yu2Chang Liu3Naoya Ueda4Peirang Li5Chi Zhu6Maebashi Institute of Technology, Center for Regional Collaboration, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Systems Life Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Systems Life Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Environment and Life Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Environment and Life Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Environment and Life Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanDepartment of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, 460-1 Kamisadori, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, JapanElectroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) training can induce changes in the power of targeted EEG bands. The objective of this study is to enhance and evaluate the specific changes of EEG power spectral density that the brain-machine interface (BMI) users can reliably generate for power augmentation through EEG-NFB training. First, we constructed an EEG-NFB training system for power augmentation. Then, three subjects were assigned to three NFB training stages, based on a 6-day consecutive training session as one stage. The subjects received real-time feedback from their EEG signals by a robotic arm while conducting flexion and extension movement with their elbow and shoulder joints, respectively. EEG signals were compared with each NFB training stage. The training results showed that EEG beta (12–40 Hz) power increased after the NFB training for both the elbow and the shoulder joints’ movements. EEG beta power showed sustained improvements during the 3-stage training, which revealed that even the short-term training could improve EEG signals significantly. Moreover, the training effect of the shoulder joints was more obvious than that of the elbow joints. These results suggest that NFB training can improve EEG signals and clarify the specific EEG changes during the movement. Our results may even provide insights into how the neural effects of NFB can be better applied to the BMI power augmentation system and improve the performance of healthy individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/443BMIEEGneurofeedbackpower augmentationtrainingupper limbs |
| spellingShingle | Hongbo Liang Shota Maedono Yingxin Yu Chang Liu Naoya Ueda Peirang Li Chi Zhu Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study Entropy BMI EEG neurofeedback power augmentation training upper limbs |
| title | Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Exploring Neurofeedback Training for BMI Power Augmentation of Upper Limbs: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | exploring neurofeedback training for bmi power augmentation of upper limbs a pilot study |
| topic | BMI EEG neurofeedback power augmentation training upper limbs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/4/443 |
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