Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode
Different studies have emphasized the influence of resin canal traits in the susceptibility of pine trees to the pine wood nematode (PWN) <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>. Resin canals can facilitate the PWN migration through the stem and are involved in the accumulation of volatile ter...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/5/925 |
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| author | Aida Rodríguez-García Juan A. Martín Luis Gil María Menéndez-Gutiérrez Raquel Díaz |
| author_facet | Aida Rodríguez-García Juan A. Martín Luis Gil María Menéndez-Gutiérrez Raquel Díaz |
| author_sort | Aida Rodríguez-García |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Different studies have emphasized the influence of resin canal traits in the susceptibility of pine trees to the pine wood nematode (PWN) <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>. Resin canals can facilitate the PWN migration through the stem and are involved in the accumulation of volatile terpenes in the xylem in response to the pathogen, inducing tracheid embolisms. In this work, we conducted a PWN inoculation experiment under greenhouse conditions to investigate the anatomical traits of constitutive resin canals among seven <i>Pinus</i> species with different degrees of susceptibility to the PWN: <i>P. canariensis</i>, <i>P. halepensis</i>, <i>P. pinea</i> and <i>P. taeda</i> were grouped into a ‘low-susceptible group’, and <i>P. pinaster</i>, <i>P. radiata</i>, and <i>P. sylvestris</i> were grouped into a ‘high-susceptible group’. The high-susceptible group presented higher xylem radial growth, wider constitutive canals in the cortex, lower frequency of constitutive canals in the cortex, and smaller constitutive canals in the xylem than the low-susceptible group. The size of constitutive cortical canals was positively related to the number of seedlings colonized by the PWN, suggesting that wider canals facilitated migration. The inoculation of the PWN increased the frequency and diminished the mean area of canals in the xylem, and the high-susceptible group showed more frequency of induced xylem canals than the low-susceptible group. Additionally, the high-susceptible group presented larger radial growths in the xylem than the low-susceptible group. These results suggest a role of resin canal traits on <i>Pinus</i> spp. susceptibility to the PWN. Nevertheless, the high interspecific variability found in these traits within each susceptibility group evidences the importance of other factors in the susceptibility to the PWN. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:43:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bfaeb24b4704b2985b4bce7a39d027e2023-11-18T01:23:46ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-04-0114592510.3390/f14050925Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood NematodeAida Rodríguez-García0Juan A. Martín1Luis Gil2María Menéndez-Gutiérrez3Raquel Díaz4Fundación Cesefor, Área Forestal y Gestión de Recursos Naturales. Pol. Ind. Las Casas, Calle C, Parcela 4, 42005 Soria, SpainDepartamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, c. José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, c. José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Silvicultura y Mejora, Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán. C/Iglesia, 19., 36153 Pontevedra, SpainDepartamento de Silvicultura y Mejora, Centro de Investigación Forestal de Lourizán. C/Iglesia, 19., 36153 Pontevedra, SpainDifferent studies have emphasized the influence of resin canal traits in the susceptibility of pine trees to the pine wood nematode (PWN) <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>. Resin canals can facilitate the PWN migration through the stem and are involved in the accumulation of volatile terpenes in the xylem in response to the pathogen, inducing tracheid embolisms. In this work, we conducted a PWN inoculation experiment under greenhouse conditions to investigate the anatomical traits of constitutive resin canals among seven <i>Pinus</i> species with different degrees of susceptibility to the PWN: <i>P. canariensis</i>, <i>P. halepensis</i>, <i>P. pinea</i> and <i>P. taeda</i> were grouped into a ‘low-susceptible group’, and <i>P. pinaster</i>, <i>P. radiata</i>, and <i>P. sylvestris</i> were grouped into a ‘high-susceptible group’. The high-susceptible group presented higher xylem radial growth, wider constitutive canals in the cortex, lower frequency of constitutive canals in the cortex, and smaller constitutive canals in the xylem than the low-susceptible group. The size of constitutive cortical canals was positively related to the number of seedlings colonized by the PWN, suggesting that wider canals facilitated migration. The inoculation of the PWN increased the frequency and diminished the mean area of canals in the xylem, and the high-susceptible group showed more frequency of induced xylem canals than the low-susceptible group. Additionally, the high-susceptible group presented larger radial growths in the xylem than the low-susceptible group. These results suggest a role of resin canal traits on <i>Pinus</i> spp. susceptibility to the PWN. Nevertheless, the high interspecific variability found in these traits within each susceptibility group evidences the importance of other factors in the susceptibility to the PWN.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/5/925pine wilt diseaseresin ductsdefense systeminduced resistance<i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i> |
| spellingShingle | Aida Rodríguez-García Juan A. Martín Luis Gil María Menéndez-Gutiérrez Raquel Díaz Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode Forests pine wilt disease resin ducts defense system induced resistance <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i> |
| title | Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode |
| title_full | Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode |
| title_fullStr | Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode |
| title_short | Resin Canal Traits Variation in <i>Pinus</i> spp. with Different Susceptibility to the Pine Wood Nematode |
| title_sort | resin canal traits variation in i pinus i spp with different susceptibility to the pine wood nematode |
| topic | pine wilt disease resin ducts defense system induced resistance <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/5/925 |
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