Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay
Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein are produced by the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but most available vaccines developed to fight the pandemic spread target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of antibodies again...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/897 |
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| author | Verena Damiani Erika Pizzinato Ilaria Cicalini Gianmaria Demattia Mirco Zucchelli Luca Natale Claudia Palmarini Claudia Di Marzio Luca Federici Vincenzo De Laurenzi Damiana Pieragostino |
| author_facet | Verena Damiani Erika Pizzinato Ilaria Cicalini Gianmaria Demattia Mirco Zucchelli Luca Natale Claudia Palmarini Claudia Di Marzio Luca Federici Vincenzo De Laurenzi Damiana Pieragostino |
| author_sort | Verena Damiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein are produced by the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but most available vaccines developed to fight the pandemic spread target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid by providing a simple and robust method applicable to a large population. For this purpose, we developed a DELFIA immunoassay on dried blood spots (DBSs) by converting a commercially available IVD ELISA assay. A total of forty-seven paired plasma and dried blood spots were collected from vaccinated and/or previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. The DBS-DELFIA resulted in a wider dynamic range and higher sensitivity for detecting antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid. Moreover, the DBS-DELFIA showed a good total intra-assay coefficient of variability of 14.6%. Finally, a strong correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies detected by the DBS-DELFIA and ELISA immunoassays (<i>r</i> = 0.9). Therefore, the association of dried blood sampling with DELFIA technology may provide an easier, minimally invasive, and accurate measurement of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. In conclusion, these results justify further research to develop a certified IVD DBS-DELFIA assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies useful for diagnostics as well as for serosurveillance studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:27:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c019d3c078c4346b7bf10c53ede393d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:27:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c019d3c078c4346b7bf10c53ede393d2023-11-17T07:29:40ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-02-0113589710.3390/diagnostics13050897Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA ImmunoassayVerena Damiani0Erika Pizzinato1Ilaria Cicalini2Gianmaria Demattia3Mirco Zucchelli4Luca Natale5Claudia Palmarini6Claudia Di Marzio7Luca Federici8Vincenzo De Laurenzi9Damiana Pieragostino10Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, ItalyAntibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein are produced by the immune system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but most available vaccines developed to fight the pandemic spread target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid by providing a simple and robust method applicable to a large population. For this purpose, we developed a DELFIA immunoassay on dried blood spots (DBSs) by converting a commercially available IVD ELISA assay. A total of forty-seven paired plasma and dried blood spots were collected from vaccinated and/or previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. The DBS-DELFIA resulted in a wider dynamic range and higher sensitivity for detecting antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid. Moreover, the DBS-DELFIA showed a good total intra-assay coefficient of variability of 14.6%. Finally, a strong correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies detected by the DBS-DELFIA and ELISA immunoassays (<i>r</i> = 0.9). Therefore, the association of dried blood sampling with DELFIA technology may provide an easier, minimally invasive, and accurate measurement of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. In conclusion, these results justify further research to develop a certified IVD DBS-DELFIA assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies useful for diagnostics as well as for serosurveillance studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/897SARS-CoV-2nucleocapsid antibodiesELISADELFIAdried blood spot |
| spellingShingle | Verena Damiani Erika Pizzinato Ilaria Cicalini Gianmaria Demattia Mirco Zucchelli Luca Natale Claudia Palmarini Claudia Di Marzio Luca Federici Vincenzo De Laurenzi Damiana Pieragostino Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay Diagnostics SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies ELISA DELFIA dried blood spot |
| title | Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay |
| title_full | Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay |
| title_short | Development of a Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Antibodies on Dried Blood Spot by DELFIA Immunoassay |
| title_sort | development of a method for detection of sars cov 2 nucleocapsid antibodies on dried blood spot by delfia immunoassay |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies ELISA DELFIA dried blood spot |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/897 |
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