A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics
Noninvasive measurement of the viscoelastic properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is important for the analysis of implant design and performance as well as in industrial material development. In this study, we used vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT) to compare the elastic a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/12/925 |
| _version_ | 1827637214816763904 |
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| author | Frederick H. Silver Michael Gonzalez-Mercedes Arielle Mesica |
| author_facet | Frederick H. Silver Michael Gonzalez-Mercedes Arielle Mesica |
| author_sort | Frederick H. Silver |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Noninvasive measurement of the viscoelastic properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is important for the analysis of implant design and performance as well as in industrial material development. In this study, we used vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT) to compare the elastic and viscoelastic properties of silicone polymers with standard tensile stress–strain measurements. VOCT uses acoustic vibrations and infrared light to measure the resonant frequency of viscoelastic materials. The elastic modulus was calculated from the in-phase deformation of the material at fixed frequencies using an empirical calibration curve. Viscous loss was measured after pulsing the samples based on the ratio of mechanovibrational peak widths to heights. The results showed that the optimal cure time and modulus values obtained using VOCT were like those obtained using conventional tensile testing. VOCT could capture results that were comparable to conventional testing while not destroying the material, suggesting its usefulness for in vivo and in situ measurements as well as for early quality control environments during end-use application and fabrication experiments. We conclude that VOCT is a new technique that is comparable to conventional testing for noninvasively and nondestructively measuring the viscoelastic properties of polymers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:57:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c10792231a242d7b841b9843c534b27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:57:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c10792231a242d7b841b9843c534b272023-11-24T17:24:52ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322022-12-0191292510.3390/photonics9120925A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and PhotonicsFrederick H. Silver0Michael Gonzalez-Mercedes1Arielle Mesica2Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USAOptoVibronex, LLC., Ben Franklin Tech Partners, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USAOptoVibronex, LLC., Ben Franklin Tech Partners, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USANoninvasive measurement of the viscoelastic properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is important for the analysis of implant design and performance as well as in industrial material development. In this study, we used vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT) to compare the elastic and viscoelastic properties of silicone polymers with standard tensile stress–strain measurements. VOCT uses acoustic vibrations and infrared light to measure the resonant frequency of viscoelastic materials. The elastic modulus was calculated from the in-phase deformation of the material at fixed frequencies using an empirical calibration curve. Viscous loss was measured after pulsing the samples based on the ratio of mechanovibrational peak widths to heights. The results showed that the optimal cure time and modulus values obtained using VOCT were like those obtained using conventional tensile testing. VOCT could capture results that were comparable to conventional testing while not destroying the material, suggesting its usefulness for in vivo and in situ measurements as well as for early quality control environments during end-use application and fabrication experiments. We conclude that VOCT is a new technique that is comparable to conventional testing for noninvasively and nondestructively measuring the viscoelastic properties of polymers.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/12/925siliconeviscoelasticityelastic modulusviscous losstensile testinginfrared light |
| spellingShingle | Frederick H. Silver Michael Gonzalez-Mercedes Arielle Mesica A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics Photonics silicone viscoelasticity elastic modulus viscous loss tensile testing infrared light |
| title | A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics |
| title_full | A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics |
| title_fullStr | A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics |
| title_short | A Rapid Method to Noninvasively Measure the Viscoelastic Properties of Synthetic Polymers Using Mechanical Vibrations and Photonics |
| title_sort | rapid method to noninvasively measure the viscoelastic properties of synthetic polymers using mechanical vibrations and photonics |
| topic | silicone viscoelasticity elastic modulus viscous loss tensile testing infrared light |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/12/925 |
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