Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids
The use of Radiofrequency thermoablation (RFA) for treating large thyroid nodules is limited by the modest efficiency of the available systems in terms of volume of the ablation zones (AZs). This increases the risk of incomplete ablation of the nodule. Systems employing perfused electrodes have been...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.575565/full |
| _version_ | 1818439752050802688 |
|---|---|
| author | Paola Pregel Elisa Scala Elisa Scala Michela Bullone Marina Martano Marina Martano Linda Nozza Sara Garberoglio Roberto Garberoglio Enrico Bollo Frine Eleonora Scaglione |
| author_facet | Paola Pregel Elisa Scala Elisa Scala Michela Bullone Marina Martano Marina Martano Linda Nozza Sara Garberoglio Roberto Garberoglio Enrico Bollo Frine Eleonora Scaglione |
| author_sort | Paola Pregel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of Radiofrequency thermoablation (RFA) for treating large thyroid nodules is limited by the modest efficiency of the available systems in terms of volume of the ablation zones (AZs). This increases the risk of incomplete ablation of the nodule. Systems employing perfused electrodes have been developed to increase the volume of the AZ. Aim of this study is to compare the size of the AZ induced by RFA systems using internally cooled perfused vs. non-perfused electrodes in swine thyroids. RFAs were performed on 40 freshly isolated swine thyroids using both systems. The perfused system was tested using 0.9% saline, 7% and 18% hypertonic saline solutions. Energy delivery to the tissue was stopped when tissue conductivity dropped (real life simulations) and after an established time of 20 seconds (controlled duration). Following RFA, thyroids were transversally and longitudinally cut. Photographs were taken for macroscopic morphometry of the ablated zones before and after formalin fixation, to evaluate tissue shrinkage. Microscopic morphometry was performed on PAS stained sections. In real life simulation experiments, gross morphometry revealed that AZs produced with electrodes perfused using 7.0% saline are larger compared to isotonic saline. Microscopically, all the conditions tested using the perfused system produced larger AZs compared to non-perfused system after 20 seconds of RFA. In conclusion, the perfusion with 7.0% NaCl solution increased the electrical conductivity of the tissue in real life simulations, resulting in larger ablated areas compared to the use of isotonic saline. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:01:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c339911721245fe907ad44fb1d18a44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:01:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c339911721245fe907ad44fb1d18a442022-12-21T22:52:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-06-011210.3389/fendo.2021.575565575565Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine ThyroidsPaola Pregel0Elisa Scala1Elisa Scala2Michela Bullone3Marina Martano4Marina Martano5Linda Nozza6Sara Garberoglio7Roberto Garberoglio8Enrico Bollo9Frine Eleonora Scaglione10Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyEvidensia Specialisthästsjukhuset, Strömsholm, SwedenDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Parma, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyThe use of Radiofrequency thermoablation (RFA) for treating large thyroid nodules is limited by the modest efficiency of the available systems in terms of volume of the ablation zones (AZs). This increases the risk of incomplete ablation of the nodule. Systems employing perfused electrodes have been developed to increase the volume of the AZ. Aim of this study is to compare the size of the AZ induced by RFA systems using internally cooled perfused vs. non-perfused electrodes in swine thyroids. RFAs were performed on 40 freshly isolated swine thyroids using both systems. The perfused system was tested using 0.9% saline, 7% and 18% hypertonic saline solutions. Energy delivery to the tissue was stopped when tissue conductivity dropped (real life simulations) and after an established time of 20 seconds (controlled duration). Following RFA, thyroids were transversally and longitudinally cut. Photographs were taken for macroscopic morphometry of the ablated zones before and after formalin fixation, to evaluate tissue shrinkage. Microscopic morphometry was performed on PAS stained sections. In real life simulation experiments, gross morphometry revealed that AZs produced with electrodes perfused using 7.0% saline are larger compared to isotonic saline. Microscopically, all the conditions tested using the perfused system produced larger AZs compared to non-perfused system after 20 seconds of RFA. In conclusion, the perfusion with 7.0% NaCl solution increased the electrical conductivity of the tissue in real life simulations, resulting in larger ablated areas compared to the use of isotonic saline.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.575565/fullRFAthyroidswineperfused electrodeshypertonic saline |
| spellingShingle | Paola Pregel Elisa Scala Elisa Scala Michela Bullone Marina Martano Marina Martano Linda Nozza Sara Garberoglio Roberto Garberoglio Enrico Bollo Frine Eleonora Scaglione Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids Frontiers in Endocrinology RFA thyroid swine perfused electrodes hypertonic saline |
| title | Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids |
| title_full | Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids |
| title_fullStr | Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids |
| title_short | Radiofrequency Thermoablation On Ex Vivo Animal Tissues: Changes on Isolated Swine Thyroids |
| title_sort | radiofrequency thermoablation on ex vivo animal tissues changes on isolated swine thyroids |
| topic | RFA thyroid swine perfused electrodes hypertonic saline |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.575565/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT paolapregel radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT elisascala radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT elisascala radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT michelabullone radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT marinamartano radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT marinamartano radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT lindanozza radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT saragarberoglio radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT robertogarberoglio radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT enricobollo radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids AT frineeleonorascaglione radiofrequencythermoablationonexvivoanimaltissueschangesonisolatedswinethyroids |