The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials
In the construction industry, cement is the most widely used material. So, to achieve greater sustainability in this industry, it is imperative to improve the sustainability of this material. One way to reduce the ecological footprint of cement is to replace it, even if partially, with other more su...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2760 |
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| author | Lucas Sequeira Blas Cantero Miguel Bravo Jorge de Brito César Medina |
| author_facet | Lucas Sequeira Blas Cantero Miguel Bravo Jorge de Brito César Medina |
| author_sort | Lucas Sequeira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the construction industry, cement is the most widely used material. So, to achieve greater sustainability in this industry, it is imperative to improve the sustainability of this material. One way to reduce the ecological footprint of cement is to replace it, even if partially, with other more sustainable materials that can act as binders. This paper analyses the mechanical properties of more sustainable mortars containing recycled cement (RC), fly ash (FA), and magnesium oxide (MgO). Different types of binary, ternary, and quaternary mortars were used: containing recycled cement (5% and 10%), fly ash (10% and 20%), and MgO (7.5% and 15%). An experimental campaign was carried out analysing air content, density, compressive and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The ternary mortars showed decreases between 0.4% (M-5RC10FA) and 35.3% (M-10RC15Mg) in terms of compressive strength at 365 days (compared to RM), when the theoretically expected decrease (the sum of the decreases obtained with the individual incorporation of these materials) would be between 16.6% and 41.5%, respectively. The results obtained allow for concluding that the joint use of these materials in ternary mortars improves the mechanical capacity, relative to the individual incorporation of each material in binary mortars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:31:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c5049c863694209a3aa2b48d7edc521 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:31:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c5049c863694209a3aa2b48d7edc5212023-11-17T17:04:44ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-03-01167276010.3390/ma16072760The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious MaterialsLucas Sequeira0Blas Cantero1Miguel Bravo2Jorge de Brito3César Medina4CERIS, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georresources, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Construction Technology, University of A Coruña, E.T.S.I. Caminos, Canales, Puertos, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071 La Coruña, SpainCERIS, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georresources, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalCERIS, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georresources, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Construction, University of Extremadura, UEX-CSIC Partnering Unit, Institute for Sustainable Regional Development (INTERRA), 10003 Cáceres, SpainIn the construction industry, cement is the most widely used material. So, to achieve greater sustainability in this industry, it is imperative to improve the sustainability of this material. One way to reduce the ecological footprint of cement is to replace it, even if partially, with other more sustainable materials that can act as binders. This paper analyses the mechanical properties of more sustainable mortars containing recycled cement (RC), fly ash (FA), and magnesium oxide (MgO). Different types of binary, ternary, and quaternary mortars were used: containing recycled cement (5% and 10%), fly ash (10% and 20%), and MgO (7.5% and 15%). An experimental campaign was carried out analysing air content, density, compressive and flexural strengths, modulus of elasticity, and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The ternary mortars showed decreases between 0.4% (M-5RC10FA) and 35.3% (M-10RC15Mg) in terms of compressive strength at 365 days (compared to RM), when the theoretically expected decrease (the sum of the decreases obtained with the individual incorporation of these materials) would be between 16.6% and 41.5%, respectively. The results obtained allow for concluding that the joint use of these materials in ternary mortars improves the mechanical capacity, relative to the individual incorporation of each material in binary mortars.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2760quaternary mortarsrecycled cementmagnesium oxidefly ashmechanical propertiessustainability |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Sequeira Blas Cantero Miguel Bravo Jorge de Brito César Medina The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials Materials quaternary mortars recycled cement magnesium oxide fly ash mechanical properties sustainability |
| title | The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials |
| title_full | The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials |
| title_short | The Influence of Recycled Cement, Fly Ash, and Magnesium Oxide on the Mechanical Performance of Sustainable Cementitious Materials |
| title_sort | influence of recycled cement fly ash and magnesium oxide on the mechanical performance of sustainable cementitious materials |
| topic | quaternary mortars recycled cement magnesium oxide fly ash mechanical properties sustainability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2760 |
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