Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs
In task-switching experiments with bivalent target stimuli, conflicts during response selection give rise to response-congruency effects. Typically, participants respond more slowly and make more errors in trials with incongruent targets that require different responses in the two tasks, compared to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-02-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00040/full |
| _version_ | 1819091818642407424 |
|---|---|
| author | Bingxin Li Xiangqian Li Xuhong Liu Martin Lages Gijsbert Stoet |
| author_facet | Bingxin Li Xiangqian Li Xuhong Liu Martin Lages Gijsbert Stoet |
| author_sort | Bingxin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In task-switching experiments with bivalent target stimuli, conflicts during response selection give rise to response-congruency effects. Typically, participants respond more slowly and make more errors in trials with incongruent targets that require different responses in the two tasks, compared to trials with congruent targets that are associated with the same response in both tasks. Here we investigate whether participants show response-congruency effects when task rules are not made explicit. In two experiments, we assigned task-irrelevant features to each bivalent target. When participants were instructed to apply the task rules, they showed significant task-switching costs as well as response-congruency effects. Importantly, when the same participants did not know the task rules and responded without applying the task rules, they showed response-congruency effects but no switch costs. The significant congruency effects suggest that associations between bivalent target features and responses can be formed passively, even when participants do not follow the task rules and use task-irrelevant target features to make a response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:45:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c519997e8ed4894ad5bd8c9665736fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:45:46Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c519997e8ed4894ad5bd8c9665736fa2022-12-21T18:47:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782019-02-011010.3389/fpsyg.2019.00040436520Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching CostsBingxin Li0Xiangqian Li1Xuhong Liu2Martin Lages3Gijsbert Stoet4School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomSchool of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United KingdomIn task-switching experiments with bivalent target stimuli, conflicts during response selection give rise to response-congruency effects. Typically, participants respond more slowly and make more errors in trials with incongruent targets that require different responses in the two tasks, compared to trials with congruent targets that are associated with the same response in both tasks. Here we investigate whether participants show response-congruency effects when task rules are not made explicit. In two experiments, we assigned task-irrelevant features to each bivalent target. When participants were instructed to apply the task rules, they showed significant task-switching costs as well as response-congruency effects. Importantly, when the same participants did not know the task rules and responded without applying the task rules, they showed response-congruency effects but no switch costs. The significant congruency effects suggest that associations between bivalent target features and responses can be formed passively, even when participants do not follow the task rules and use task-irrelevant target features to make a response.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00040/fulltask-switchingbivalent stimulitarget-response associationtask-switching costcongruency effect |
| spellingShingle | Bingxin Li Xiangqian Li Xuhong Liu Martin Lages Gijsbert Stoet Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs Frontiers in Psychology task-switching bivalent stimuli target-response association task-switching cost congruency effect |
| title | Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs |
| title_full | Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs |
| title_fullStr | Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs |
| title_short | Target-Response Associations Can Produce Response-Congruency Effects Without Task-Switching Costs |
| title_sort | target response associations can produce response congruency effects without task switching costs |
| topic | task-switching bivalent stimuli target-response association task-switching cost congruency effect |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00040/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bingxinli targetresponseassociationscanproduceresponsecongruencyeffectswithouttaskswitchingcosts AT xiangqianli targetresponseassociationscanproduceresponsecongruencyeffectswithouttaskswitchingcosts AT xuhongliu targetresponseassociationscanproduceresponsecongruencyeffectswithouttaskswitchingcosts AT martinlages targetresponseassociationscanproduceresponsecongruencyeffectswithouttaskswitchingcosts AT gijsbertstoet targetresponseassociationscanproduceresponsecongruencyeffectswithouttaskswitchingcosts |