Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing Tifton-85 hay (<i>Cynodon</i> spp. cv. Tifton 85) with 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 g/kg dry matter (DM) of spineless cactus (SC, <i>Nopalea cochenilifera</i> Salm-Dyck) plus urea and ammonium sulfate (UAS; 9:1) on DM,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/401 |
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| author | Robert E. Mora-Luna Ana M. Herrera-Angulo Michelle C. B. Siqueira Maria Gabriela da Conceição Juana C. C. Chagas Carolina C. F. Monteiro Antonia S. C. Véras Francisco F. R. Carvalho Marcelo A. Ferreira |
| author_facet | Robert E. Mora-Luna Ana M. Herrera-Angulo Michelle C. B. Siqueira Maria Gabriela da Conceição Juana C. C. Chagas Carolina C. F. Monteiro Antonia S. C. Véras Francisco F. R. Carvalho Marcelo A. Ferreira |
| author_sort | Robert E. Mora-Luna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing Tifton-85 hay (<i>Cynodon</i> spp. cv. Tifton 85) with 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 g/kg dry matter (DM) of spineless cactus (SC, <i>Nopalea cochenilifera</i> Salm-Dyck) plus urea and ammonium sulfate (UAS; 9:1) on DM, digestible organic matter (DOM) and indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) intakes, as well as ruminal fermentation, N-balance, and microbial protein supply (MPS). Five rumen-fistulated and cannulated crossbred wethers, weighing 43.8 ± 5.80 kg, were randomized in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Isonitrogenous diets (14% crude protein) were supplied with a roughage/concentrate ratio of 70:30. The DOM intake, N-retained, and MPS showed quadratic responses (<i>p <</i> 0.05), with maximum values estimated at the levels of SC+UAS of 414, 438 and 418 g/kg DM, respectively. Rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen, iNDF intake, N-urinary excretion, and serum urea and plasma ammonia reduced linearly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) with increasing SC+UAS inclusion. Ruminal acetate and propionate concentrations increased linearly with increasing SC+UAS inclusion. In wethers fed diets with a roughage/concentrate ratio of 70:30, roughage constituted of a SC+UAS/hay (Tifton-85) ratio of 41:29 is recommended in order to maximize the DOM intake, N-retention, and MPS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:16:38Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1c6956da00304893b509e03faf4c82ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:16:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c6956da00304893b509e03faf4c82ea2023-11-23T15:49:11ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-02-0112340110.3390/ani12030401Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid RegionsRobert E. Mora-Luna0Ana M. Herrera-Angulo1Michelle C. B. Siqueira2Maria Gabriela da Conceição3Juana C. C. Chagas4Carolina C. F. Monteiro5Antonia S. C. Véras6Francisco F. R. Carvalho7Marcelo A. Ferreira8Deanship of Research, Coordination of Agricultural Research, National Experimental University of Táchira (UNET), San Cristobal 5001, Táchira, VenezuelaDeanship of Research, Coordination of Agricultural Research, National Experimental University of Táchira (UNET), San Cristobal 5001, Táchira, VenezuelaDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 90183 Umea, SwedenDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171900, PE, BrazilThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing Tifton-85 hay (<i>Cynodon</i> spp. cv. Tifton 85) with 0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 g/kg dry matter (DM) of spineless cactus (SC, <i>Nopalea cochenilifera</i> Salm-Dyck) plus urea and ammonium sulfate (UAS; 9:1) on DM, digestible organic matter (DOM) and indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) intakes, as well as ruminal fermentation, N-balance, and microbial protein supply (MPS). Five rumen-fistulated and cannulated crossbred wethers, weighing 43.8 ± 5.80 kg, were randomized in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Isonitrogenous diets (14% crude protein) were supplied with a roughage/concentrate ratio of 70:30. The DOM intake, N-retained, and MPS showed quadratic responses (<i>p <</i> 0.05), with maximum values estimated at the levels of SC+UAS of 414, 438 and 418 g/kg DM, respectively. Rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen, iNDF intake, N-urinary excretion, and serum urea and plasma ammonia reduced linearly (<i>p <</i> 0.05) with increasing SC+UAS inclusion. Ruminal acetate and propionate concentrations increased linearly with increasing SC+UAS inclusion. In wethers fed diets with a roughage/concentrate ratio of 70:30, roughage constituted of a SC+UAS/hay (Tifton-85) ratio of 41:29 is recommended in order to maximize the DOM intake, N-retention, and MPS.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/401intakenitrogen balanceroughageruminal fermentationsemi-arid |
| spellingShingle | Robert E. Mora-Luna Ana M. Herrera-Angulo Michelle C. B. Siqueira Maria Gabriela da Conceição Juana C. C. Chagas Carolina C. F. Monteiro Antonia S. C. Véras Francisco F. R. Carvalho Marcelo A. Ferreira Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions Animals intake nitrogen balance roughage ruminal fermentation semi-arid |
| title | Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions |
| title_full | Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions |
| title_fullStr | Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions |
| title_short | Spineless Cactus plus Urea and Tifton-85 Hay: Maximizing the Digestible Organic Matter Intake, Ruminal Fermentation and Nitrogen Utilization of Wethers in Semi-Arid Regions |
| title_sort | spineless cactus plus urea and tifton 85 hay maximizing the digestible organic matter intake ruminal fermentation and nitrogen utilization of wethers in semi arid regions |
| topic | intake nitrogen balance roughage ruminal fermentation semi-arid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/401 |
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