Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill
<i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill’s extracts have been explored for antibacterial and antioxidant efficacies. However, there is limited information on its chemical composition and mechanism of action. The purpose of this study was to assess the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxid...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/4/869 |
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| author | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu Tlou Nelson Selepe Peter Masoko Ofentse Jacob Pooe |
| author_facet | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu Tlou Nelson Selepe Peter Masoko Ofentse Jacob Pooe |
| author_sort | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill’s extracts have been explored for antibacterial and antioxidant efficacies. However, there is limited information on its chemical composition and mechanism of action. The purpose of this study was to assess the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities and mechanism of the whole leaf extract of <i>A. arborescens</i> Mill. The phytochemical profile was analysed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant and antibacterial activities were screened using 1,1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and micro-dilution assays, respectively. The effects of the extract on the bacterial respiratory chain dehydrogenase, membrane integrity and permeability were analysed using iodonitrotetrazolium chloride, 260 absorbing materials and relative electrical conductivity assays. GC-MS spectrum revealed 26 compounds with N,N’-trimethyleneurea (10.56%), xanthine (8.57%) and 4-hexyl-1-(7-ethoxycarbonylheptyl)bicyclo[4.4.0]deca-2,5,7-triene (7.10%), being the major components. The extract also exhibited antioxidant activity with median concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 0.65 mg/mL on DPPH and 0.052 mg/mL on ABTS. The extract exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.07 to 1.13 mg/mL. The extract inhibited the bacterial growth by destructing the activity of the respiratory chain dehydrogenase, membrane integrity and permeability. Therefore, the leaf extract has the potential to serve as a source of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:14:30Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:14:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c7623ebfb41460c90289a5e59091cbd2023-11-16T22:48:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-02-0112486910.3390/plants12040869Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> MillTsolanku Sidney Maliehe0Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni1Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu2Tlou Nelson Selepe3Peter Masoko4Ofentse Jacob Pooe5Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Empangeni 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Empangeni 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, Empangeni 3886, South AfricaDepartment of Water and Sanitation, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South AfricaSchool of Life Science, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa<i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill’s extracts have been explored for antibacterial and antioxidant efficacies. However, there is limited information on its chemical composition and mechanism of action. The purpose of this study was to assess the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities and mechanism of the whole leaf extract of <i>A. arborescens</i> Mill. The phytochemical profile was analysed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant and antibacterial activities were screened using 1,1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and micro-dilution assays, respectively. The effects of the extract on the bacterial respiratory chain dehydrogenase, membrane integrity and permeability were analysed using iodonitrotetrazolium chloride, 260 absorbing materials and relative electrical conductivity assays. GC-MS spectrum revealed 26 compounds with N,N’-trimethyleneurea (10.56%), xanthine (8.57%) and 4-hexyl-1-(7-ethoxycarbonylheptyl)bicyclo[4.4.0]deca-2,5,7-triene (7.10%), being the major components. The extract also exhibited antioxidant activity with median concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 0.65 mg/mL on DPPH and 0.052 mg/mL on ABTS. The extract exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.07 to 1.13 mg/mL. The extract inhibited the bacterial growth by destructing the activity of the respiratory chain dehydrogenase, membrane integrity and permeability. Therefore, the leaf extract has the potential to serve as a source of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/4/869<i>Aloe arborescens</i> Millphytochemicalsantioxidantsantibacterial effectantibacterial mechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe Mduduzi Innocent Nqotheni Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu Tlou Nelson Selepe Peter Masoko Ofentse Jacob Pooe Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill Plants <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill phytochemicals antioxidants antibacterial effect antibacterial mechanisms |
| title | Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill |
| title_full | Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill |
| title_short | Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Mechanisms of Action of the Leaf Extract of <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill |
| title_sort | chemical profile antioxidant and antibacterial activities mechanisms of action of the leaf extract of i aloe arborescens i mill |
| topic | <i>Aloe arborescens</i> Mill phytochemicals antioxidants antibacterial effect antibacterial mechanisms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/4/869 |
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