Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub>
Activated carbons derived from viscose fibers were prepared using potassium hydroxide, carbon dioxide, or water vapor as activation agents. The produced activated carbon fibers were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and their porosity (specific surfa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/677 |
| _version_ | 1827653414828376064 |
|---|---|
| author | Stefan Breitenbach Jiri Duchoslav Andrei Ionut Mardare Christoph Unterweger David Stifter Achim Walter Hassel Christian Fürst |
| author_facet | Stefan Breitenbach Jiri Duchoslav Andrei Ionut Mardare Christoph Unterweger David Stifter Achim Walter Hassel Christian Fürst |
| author_sort | Stefan Breitenbach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Activated carbons derived from viscose fibers were prepared using potassium hydroxide, carbon dioxide, or water vapor as activation agents. The produced activated carbon fibers were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and their porosity (specific surface area, total pore volume, and pore size distribution) was calculated employing physisorption experiments. Activated carbon fibers with a specific surface area of more than 2500 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> were obtained by each of the three methods. Afterwards, the suitability of these materials as electrodes for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (supercapacitors) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. By combining CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O activation, activated carbon fibers of high purity and excellent electrochemical performance could be obtained. A specific capacitance per electrode of up to 180 F g<sup>−1</sup> was found. In addition, an energy density per double-layer capacitor of 42 W h kg<sup>−1</sup> was achieved. These results demonstrate the outstanding electrochemical properties of viscose-based activated carbon fibers for use as electrode materials in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:18:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c8614da0301419794e5ad4ece2e45a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:18:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c8614da0301419794e5ad4ece2e45a32023-11-23T21:26:20ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-02-0112467710.3390/nano12040677Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub>Stefan Breitenbach0Jiri Duchoslav1Andrei Ionut Mardare2Christoph Unterweger3David Stifter4Achim Walter Hassel5Christian Fürst6Wood K plus—Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Area Biobased Composites & Processes, 4040 Linz, AustriaCenter for Surface and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, AustriaInstitute of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials (TIM), Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, AustriaWood K plus—Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Area Biobased Composites & Processes, 4040 Linz, AustriaCenter for Surface and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, AustriaInstitute of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials (TIM), Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, AustriaWood K plus—Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Area Biobased Composites & Processes, 4040 Linz, AustriaActivated carbons derived from viscose fibers were prepared using potassium hydroxide, carbon dioxide, or water vapor as activation agents. The produced activated carbon fibers were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and their porosity (specific surface area, total pore volume, and pore size distribution) was calculated employing physisorption experiments. Activated carbon fibers with a specific surface area of more than 2500 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> were obtained by each of the three methods. Afterwards, the suitability of these materials as electrodes for electrochemical double-layer capacitors (supercapacitors) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. By combining CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O activation, activated carbon fibers of high purity and excellent electrochemical performance could be obtained. A specific capacitance per electrode of up to 180 F g<sup>−1</sup> was found. In addition, an energy density per double-layer capacitor of 42 W h kg<sup>−1</sup> was achieved. These results demonstrate the outstanding electrochemical properties of viscose-based activated carbon fibers for use as electrode materials in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/677activated carbonelectrode materialssupercapacitorviscose fibersbio-based carbonenergy storage |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Breitenbach Jiri Duchoslav Andrei Ionut Mardare Christoph Unterweger David Stifter Achim Walter Hassel Christian Fürst Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> Nanomaterials activated carbon electrode materials supercapacitor viscose fibers bio-based carbon energy storage |
| title | Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full | Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_short | Comparative Behavior of Viscose-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes Activated by KOH, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_sort | comparative behavior of viscose based supercapacitor electrodes activated by koh h sub 2 sub o and co sub 2 sub |
| topic | activated carbon electrode materials supercapacitor viscose fibers bio-based carbon energy storage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/677 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stefanbreitenbach comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT jiriduchoslav comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT andreiionutmardare comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT christophunterweger comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT davidstifter comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT achimwalterhassel comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub AT christianfurst comparativebehaviorofviscosebasedsupercapacitorelectrodesactivatedbykohhsub2suboandcosub2sub |