Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats
Diabetic polyneuropathy is characterized by structural abnormalities, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. The current study aimed to determine the antinociceptive effects of isoeugenol and eugenol and their combinations in neuropathic pain resulting from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes an...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1203 |
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| author | Khalid M. Alharthy Mohamed F. Balaha Sushma Devi Ali Altharawi Hasan S. Yusufoglu Rana M. Aldossari Aftab Alam Viviana di Giacomo |
| author_facet | Khalid M. Alharthy Mohamed F. Balaha Sushma Devi Ali Altharawi Hasan S. Yusufoglu Rana M. Aldossari Aftab Alam Viviana di Giacomo |
| author_sort | Khalid M. Alharthy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic polyneuropathy is characterized by structural abnormalities, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. The current study aimed to determine the antinociceptive effects of isoeugenol and eugenol and their combinations in neuropathic pain resulting from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and neuroinflammation. Female SD rats were categorized into normal control, diabetic control, and treatment groups. On the 28th day and 45th day, behavioral studies (allodynia and hyperalgesia) were performed to analyze the development and protection of diabetic polyneuropathy. The levels of inflammatory and oxidative mediators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), catalase, reduced glutathione, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were estimated. In addition, the level of nerve growth factor (NGF) was estimated at the end of the study in different groups. The anti-NGF treatment decreased its upregulation in the dorsal root ganglion significantly. The results showed that isoeugenol, eugenol, and their combination have therapeutic potential against neuronal and oxidative damage induced by diabetes. In particular, both compounds significantly affected behavioral function in treated rats and showed neuroprotection against diabetic neuropathy, and their combination had synergistic effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:02:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c9b2f9322fa4b7eae6fbb2f6bb13bb5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T04:02:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c9b2f9322fa4b7eae6fbb2f6bb13bb52024-02-09T11:30:28ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-04-01114120310.3390/biomedicines11041203Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic RatsKhalid M. Alharthy0Mohamed F. Balaha1Sushma Devi2Ali Altharawi3Hasan S. Yusufoglu4Rana M. Aldossari5Aftab Alam6Viviana di Giacomo7Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaChitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy, “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, ItalyDiabetic polyneuropathy is characterized by structural abnormalities, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. The current study aimed to determine the antinociceptive effects of isoeugenol and eugenol and their combinations in neuropathic pain resulting from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and neuroinflammation. Female SD rats were categorized into normal control, diabetic control, and treatment groups. On the 28th day and 45th day, behavioral studies (allodynia and hyperalgesia) were performed to analyze the development and protection of diabetic polyneuropathy. The levels of inflammatory and oxidative mediators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), catalase, reduced glutathione, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were estimated. In addition, the level of nerve growth factor (NGF) was estimated at the end of the study in different groups. The anti-NGF treatment decreased its upregulation in the dorsal root ganglion significantly. The results showed that isoeugenol, eugenol, and their combination have therapeutic potential against neuronal and oxidative damage induced by diabetes. In particular, both compounds significantly affected behavioral function in treated rats and showed neuroprotection against diabetic neuropathy, and their combination had synergistic effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1203isoeugenoleugenolpregabalinstreptozotocindiabetesnerve growth factor |
| spellingShingle | Khalid M. Alharthy Mohamed F. Balaha Sushma Devi Ali Altharawi Hasan S. Yusufoglu Rana M. Aldossari Aftab Alam Viviana di Giacomo Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats Biomedicines isoeugenol eugenol pregabalin streptozotocin diabetes nerve growth factor |
| title | Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats |
| title_full | Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats |
| title_fullStr | Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats |
| title_short | Ameliorative Effects of Isoeugenol and Eugenol against Impaired Nerve Function and Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators in Diabetic Neuropathic Rats |
| title_sort | ameliorative effects of isoeugenol and eugenol against impaired nerve function and inflammatory and oxidative mediators in diabetic neuropathic rats |
| topic | isoeugenol eugenol pregabalin streptozotocin diabetes nerve growth factor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/4/1203 |
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