Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications
Abstract This study has investigated the impact of inverse G-like shape resonators that exhibited epsilon negative (ENG) and near-zero refractive index (NZI) properties for multi-band wireless communications applications. The electrical measurement of structure is 0.118λ × 0.118λ × 0.021 λ, which is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12322-1 |
| _version_ | 1817968870264143872 |
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| author | Ismail Hossain Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md. Samsuzzaman Md. Moniruzzaman Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Sami H. A. Almalki M. Salaheldeen M Ahmed Alzamil Md. Shabiul Islam |
| author_facet | Ismail Hossain Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md. Samsuzzaman Md. Moniruzzaman Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Sami H. A. Almalki M. Salaheldeen M Ahmed Alzamil Md. Shabiul Islam |
| author_sort | Ismail Hossain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study has investigated the impact of inverse G-like shape resonators that exhibited epsilon negative (ENG) and near-zero refractive index (NZI) properties for multi-band wireless communications applications. The electrical measurement of structure is 0.118λ × 0.118λ × 0.021 λ, which is calculated at 3.94 GHz. FR-4 is used as a substrate layer, and the resonator is designed on it. This structure is manifested in the ENG and NZI characteristics within the frequency range of 3.8–4.17, 7.68–8.54, 10.67–11.36 GHz, and 4.07–4.15 and 8.29–8.37 GHz, respectively. This study also manifests the polarization insensitivity nature of 0°–90°, and the incident angle is investigated up to 60° for both TE and TM modes. The proposed structure achieves triple resonance at 3.94 GHz, 8.08 GHz, and 11.17 GHz, respectively, included in the S, C, and X frequency bands. The CST Microwave Studio 2019 software is conducted to design, develop, perform analysis, investigate electromagnetic properties, and extract effective medium parameters. The Advanced Design Software (ADS) is used to model the equivalent circuit of the unit cell. The simulated, measured, and ADS results verified the scattering parameter performance. The EMR value of the structure is 8.47, indicating the structure's compactness. The compact design with simplicity, ENG, and NZI properties make the proposed structure significant for microwave application, mainly to enhance the antenna bandwidth and gain filter design. ENG and NZI properties the operation frequency stability and efficiency for low earth orbit nanosatellite communications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1c9fa23dbf914a239f75d03c676ba8e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-1c9fa23dbf914a239f75d03c676ba8e32022-12-22T02:31:46ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-06-0112111410.1038/s41598-022-12322-1Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communicationsIsmail Hossain0Mohammad Tariqul Islam1Md. Samsuzzaman2Md. Moniruzzaman3Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar4Sami H. A. Almalki5M. Salaheldeen M6Ahmed Alzamil7Md. Shabiul Islam8Space Science Center (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSpace Science Center (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif UniversityDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif UniversityElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’ilFaculty of Engineering, Multimedia University (MMU)Abstract This study has investigated the impact of inverse G-like shape resonators that exhibited epsilon negative (ENG) and near-zero refractive index (NZI) properties for multi-band wireless communications applications. The electrical measurement of structure is 0.118λ × 0.118λ × 0.021 λ, which is calculated at 3.94 GHz. FR-4 is used as a substrate layer, and the resonator is designed on it. This structure is manifested in the ENG and NZI characteristics within the frequency range of 3.8–4.17, 7.68–8.54, 10.67–11.36 GHz, and 4.07–4.15 and 8.29–8.37 GHz, respectively. This study also manifests the polarization insensitivity nature of 0°–90°, and the incident angle is investigated up to 60° for both TE and TM modes. The proposed structure achieves triple resonance at 3.94 GHz, 8.08 GHz, and 11.17 GHz, respectively, included in the S, C, and X frequency bands. The CST Microwave Studio 2019 software is conducted to design, develop, perform analysis, investigate electromagnetic properties, and extract effective medium parameters. The Advanced Design Software (ADS) is used to model the equivalent circuit of the unit cell. The simulated, measured, and ADS results verified the scattering parameter performance. The EMR value of the structure is 8.47, indicating the structure's compactness. The compact design with simplicity, ENG, and NZI properties make the proposed structure significant for microwave application, mainly to enhance the antenna bandwidth and gain filter design. ENG and NZI properties the operation frequency stability and efficiency for low earth orbit nanosatellite communications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12322-1 |
| spellingShingle | Ismail Hossain Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md. Samsuzzaman Md. Moniruzzaman Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Sami H. A. Almalki M. Salaheldeen M Ahmed Alzamil Md. Shabiul Islam Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications Scientific Reports |
| title | Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| title_full | Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| title_fullStr | Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| title_short | Polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon-negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for S, C, and X frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| title_sort | polarization insensitive split square ring resonator based epsilon negative and near zero refractive index metamaterial for s c and x frequency bands satellite and radar communications |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12322-1 |
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