Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions
The practice of cultivating crops in a controlled environment using a soilless culture method is seeing an increasing level of popularity. The aforementioned challenges include addressing climate change, combating pests and diseases, mitigating falling soil fertility, and ensuring constant productio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/10/1925 |
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| author | Rosnani Abd Ghani Suhana Omar Márton Jolánkai Ákos Tarnawa Noriza Khalid Mária Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende |
| author_facet | Rosnani Abd Ghani Suhana Omar Márton Jolánkai Ákos Tarnawa Noriza Khalid Mária Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende |
| author_sort | Rosnani Abd Ghani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The practice of cultivating crops in a controlled environment using a soilless culture method is seeing an increasing level of popularity. The aforementioned challenges include addressing climate change, combating pests and diseases, mitigating falling soil fertility, and ensuring constant production and quality. One of the potential crops that could be grown with such a method is soybean. Soybean cultivation in a controlled environment using soilless culture still needs more information, especially regarding nutrient solution management of certain soybean varieties. Thus, this study investigated the impact of nutrient concentrations and variety on soybean growth, yield, and chemical composition. This research was carried out in a plant growth chamber using expanded clay aggregate as a soilless substrate. The treatments were four nutrient concentrations: 0% (control), 50%, 100%, and 150%, and two different varieties: Martina and Johanna. The findings of this research revealed that there were significant differences in nutrient treatments on all parameters measured. Application of nutrient concentration at 50% resulted in the most profound root size for both varieties. Applying 100% nutrient concentration produced a higher 100-grain weight for the Johanna variety. Application of nutrient concentration at 150% resulted in the highest shoot weight and shoot:root ratio for both varieties, with varietal differences. Furthermore, applying nutrient concentration at 150% also produced the highest grain yield/pot, protein yield, and lipid yield for both varieties. Thus, the nutrient concentration between 100% and 150% gave a positive effect and can be applied for planting Martina and Johanna using this system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:31:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ca81ed3e60e4c31bbe18e3847e2bf77 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:31:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ca81ed3e60e4c31bbe18e3847e2bf772023-11-19T15:18:42ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-09-011310192510.3390/agriculture13101925Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment ConditionsRosnani Abd Ghani0Suhana Omar1Márton Jolánkai2Ákos Tarnawa3Noriza Khalid4Mária Katalin Kassai5Zoltán Kende6Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, HungaryThe practice of cultivating crops in a controlled environment using a soilless culture method is seeing an increasing level of popularity. The aforementioned challenges include addressing climate change, combating pests and diseases, mitigating falling soil fertility, and ensuring constant production and quality. One of the potential crops that could be grown with such a method is soybean. Soybean cultivation in a controlled environment using soilless culture still needs more information, especially regarding nutrient solution management of certain soybean varieties. Thus, this study investigated the impact of nutrient concentrations and variety on soybean growth, yield, and chemical composition. This research was carried out in a plant growth chamber using expanded clay aggregate as a soilless substrate. The treatments were four nutrient concentrations: 0% (control), 50%, 100%, and 150%, and two different varieties: Martina and Johanna. The findings of this research revealed that there were significant differences in nutrient treatments on all parameters measured. Application of nutrient concentration at 50% resulted in the most profound root size for both varieties. Applying 100% nutrient concentration produced a higher 100-grain weight for the Johanna variety. Application of nutrient concentration at 150% resulted in the highest shoot weight and shoot:root ratio for both varieties, with varietal differences. Furthermore, applying nutrient concentration at 150% also produced the highest grain yield/pot, protein yield, and lipid yield for both varieties. Thus, the nutrient concentration between 100% and 150% gave a positive effect and can be applied for planting Martina and Johanna using this system.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/10/1925shoot:root ratiosoybean yieldsoybean chemical compositionMartina varietyJohanna varietynutrient concentration |
| spellingShingle | Rosnani Abd Ghani Suhana Omar Márton Jolánkai Ákos Tarnawa Noriza Khalid Mária Katalin Kassai Zoltán Kende Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions Agriculture shoot:root ratio soybean yield soybean chemical composition Martina variety Johanna variety nutrient concentration |
| title | Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions |
| title_full | Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions |
| title_short | Response of Shoot and Root Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition to Nutrient Concentrations in Soybean Varieties Grown under Soilless and Controlled Environment Conditions |
| title_sort | response of shoot and root growth yield and chemical composition to nutrient concentrations in soybean varieties grown under soilless and controlled environment conditions |
| topic | shoot:root ratio soybean yield soybean chemical composition Martina variety Johanna variety nutrient concentration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/10/1925 |
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