Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts
Background: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a putative antioxidant and has gained attention as a promising agent for chelating heavy metals including lead. Considering the animal studies results, we hypothesized that adding NAC to the treatment regimen may improve the success of treatment with lead chelat...
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| Format: | Article |
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Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_10602_3f05b623d401e256028be10985d1ac22.pdf |
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| author | Saeedeh Shojaeepour Mehdi Fazeli Ali Mandegary Seyed-Mehdi Sayed-Mirzaei Nahid Ahmadi Arastoo Saeedi Zohreh Oghabian |
| author_facet | Saeedeh Shojaeepour Mehdi Fazeli Ali Mandegary Seyed-Mehdi Sayed-Mirzaei Nahid Ahmadi Arastoo Saeedi Zohreh Oghabian |
| author_sort | Saeedeh Shojaeepour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a putative antioxidant and has gained attention as a promising agent for chelating heavy metals including lead. Considering the animal studies results, we hypothesized that adding NAC to the treatment regimen may improve the success of treatment with lead chelators. Methods: A total of 46 patients who were lead-poisoned opioid addicts were divided into two groups randomly and treated with d-penicillamine (DP, 1g/day in four equal divided doses) and NAC+DP (1 g/day + 150 mg/kg/day). The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by hospitalization period. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress parameters including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione concentration and super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined on admission and discharge and compared with healthy normal controls. Results: Hospitalization period was not different between the two groups. Treatment with DP and DP+NAC significantly decreased oxidative stress in patients. On the discharge day, the SOD activity and TAC were significantly higher in DP+NAC group in comparison with the DP group. Conclusion: Although NAC recovers antioxidant capacity, the advantages of NAC in improvement of DP efficacy in lead poisoning is questionable. Further studies with larger sample size and combination with other chelators are recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:13:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1cfaf3039a4a4aaeafa0064d7bceeda2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2322-2611 2322-4320 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:13:37Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1cfaf3039a4a4aaeafa0064d7bceeda22022-12-21T19:07:38ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesAsia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology2322-26112322-43202017-12-016412312810.22038/apjmt.2017.1060210602Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium AddictsSaeedeh Shojaeepour0Mehdi Fazeli1Ali Mandegary2Seyed-Mehdi Sayed-Mirzaei3Nahid Ahmadi4Arastoo Saeedi5Zohreh Oghabian6Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranPharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranDepartmrnt of Internal Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranDepartment of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranFars NIOC Health Organization, Shiraz, IranGastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranBackground: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a putative antioxidant and has gained attention as a promising agent for chelating heavy metals including lead. Considering the animal studies results, we hypothesized that adding NAC to the treatment regimen may improve the success of treatment with lead chelators. Methods: A total of 46 patients who were lead-poisoned opioid addicts were divided into two groups randomly and treated with d-penicillamine (DP, 1g/day in four equal divided doses) and NAC+DP (1 g/day + 150 mg/kg/day). The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by hospitalization period. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress parameters including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione concentration and super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined on admission and discharge and compared with healthy normal controls. Results: Hospitalization period was not different between the two groups. Treatment with DP and DP+NAC significantly decreased oxidative stress in patients. On the discharge day, the SOD activity and TAC were significantly higher in DP+NAC group in comparison with the DP group. Conclusion: Although NAC recovers antioxidant capacity, the advantages of NAC in improvement of DP efficacy in lead poisoning is questionable. Further studies with larger sample size and combination with other chelators are recommended.http://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_10602_3f05b623d401e256028be10985d1ac22.pdfD-penicillamineLead poisoningN-acetyl cysteineOpium addicts |
| spellingShingle | Saeedeh Shojaeepour Mehdi Fazeli Ali Mandegary Seyed-Mehdi Sayed-Mirzaei Nahid Ahmadi Arastoo Saeedi Zohreh Oghabian Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology D-penicillamine Lead poisoning N-acetyl cysteine Opium addicts |
| title | Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts |
| title_full | Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts |
| title_short | Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Combination Therapy with D-penicillamine and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Lead Poisoning in Opium Addicts |
| title_sort | evaluation of oxidative stress in combination therapy with d penicillamine and n acetylcysteine nac in lead poisoning in opium addicts |
| topic | D-penicillamine Lead poisoning N-acetyl cysteine Opium addicts |
| url | http://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_10602_3f05b623d401e256028be10985d1ac22.pdf |
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