Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach
The division of an arable field into zones of different productivity requires a reliable, discriminatory tool. This hypothesis was validated by analyzing the spatial variability of yield and N indicators in the crop rotation of winter oilseed rape (WOSR)/winter triticale (WTR) during 2016/2017 and 2...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1959 |
| _version_ | 1827700168944779264 |
|---|---|
| author | Remigiusz Łukowiak Witold Grzebisz Jakub Ceglarek Adam Podolski Cezary Kaźmierowski Jan Piekarczyk |
| author_facet | Remigiusz Łukowiak Witold Grzebisz Jakub Ceglarek Adam Podolski Cezary Kaźmierowski Jan Piekarczyk |
| author_sort | Remigiusz Łukowiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The division of an arable field into zones of different productivity requires a reliable, discriminatory tool. This hypothesis was validated by analyzing the spatial variability of yield and N indicators in the crop rotation of winter oilseed rape (WOSR)/winter triticale (WTR) during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 in a field of 30 ha (Przebędowo, Poland). The direct, measurable variables were: yield, N accumulated in—seeds/grain and crop residues, mineral N in spring, and harvest. The basic N indicators were total N uptake (TN), N-partial factor productivity, and N balance (N<sub>b</sub>). The attainable yields of WOSR and WTR were 4.93 and 6.51 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, and a yield gap of −2.04 and −2.10 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. The management of 50 kg of the non-used N by crops, i.e. nitrogen gap (NG) could cover 36% and 65% of the yield gap (YG), respectively. The N<sub>b</sub>, based on N input (N<sub>in</sub> = N<sub>min</sub> + N<sub>f</sub>) and TN, was the key field indicator, defining both yield and NG. Geostatic parameters, i.e., the nugget to sill ratio, spatial dependence range, and mean correlation distance, were very stable (≤0.2–0.17; 94–100 m; 28 m for WOSR and WTR). The spatial stability of N<sub>b</sub>, irrespective of the crop and growing conditions, corroborates its suitability for discriminating high and low-productivity field zones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:06:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d0a3b8ee5d64dfe8c0341abfc2900de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:06:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d0a3b8ee5d64dfe8c0341abfc2900de2023-11-21T00:34:34ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-12-011012195910.3390/agronomy10121959Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation ApproachRemigiusz Łukowiak0Witold Grzebisz1Jakub Ceglarek2Adam Podolski3Cezary Kaźmierowski4Jan Piekarczyk5Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandEnvironmental Remote Sensing and Soil Science Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandEnvironmental Remote Sensing and Soil Science Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznan, PolandEnvironmental Remote Sensing and Soil Science Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznan, PolandThe division of an arable field into zones of different productivity requires a reliable, discriminatory tool. This hypothesis was validated by analyzing the spatial variability of yield and N indicators in the crop rotation of winter oilseed rape (WOSR)/winter triticale (WTR) during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 in a field of 30 ha (Przebędowo, Poland). The direct, measurable variables were: yield, N accumulated in—seeds/grain and crop residues, mineral N in spring, and harvest. The basic N indicators were total N uptake (TN), N-partial factor productivity, and N balance (N<sub>b</sub>). The attainable yields of WOSR and WTR were 4.93 and 6.51 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, and a yield gap of −2.04 and −2.10 t ha<sup>−1</sup>. The management of 50 kg of the non-used N by crops, i.e. nitrogen gap (NG) could cover 36% and 65% of the yield gap (YG), respectively. The N<sub>b</sub>, based on N input (N<sub>in</sub> = N<sub>min</sub> + N<sub>f</sub>) and TN, was the key field indicator, defining both yield and NG. Geostatic parameters, i.e., the nugget to sill ratio, spatial dependence range, and mean correlation distance, were very stable (≤0.2–0.17; 94–100 m; 28 m for WOSR and WTR). The spatial stability of N<sub>b</sub>, irrespective of the crop and growing conditions, corroborates its suitability for discriminating high and low-productivity field zones.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1959winter oilseed rape → winter triticale cropping sequencemineral NN inputN total uptakeN balanceN gap |
| spellingShingle | Remigiusz Łukowiak Witold Grzebisz Jakub Ceglarek Adam Podolski Cezary Kaźmierowski Jan Piekarczyk Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach Agronomy winter oilseed rape → winter triticale cropping sequence mineral N N input N total uptake N balance N gap |
| title | Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach |
| title_full | Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach |
| title_fullStr | Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach |
| title_short | Spatial Variability of Yield and Nitrogen Indicators—A Crop Rotation Approach |
| title_sort | spatial variability of yield and nitrogen indicators a crop rotation approach |
| topic | winter oilseed rape → winter triticale cropping sequence mineral N N input N total uptake N balance N gap |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/12/1959 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT remigiuszłukowiak spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach AT witoldgrzebisz spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach AT jakubceglarek spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach AT adampodolski spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach AT cezarykazmierowski spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach AT janpiekarczyk spatialvariabilityofyieldandnitrogenindicatorsacroprotationapproach |