Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes
Bryophytes are widely used to monitor air quality. Due to the lack of a cuticle, their cells can be compared to the roots of crop plants. This study aimed to test a hypothetical relation between metal tolerance and cell shape in biomonitoring mosses (<i>Hypnum cupressiforme</i>, <i>...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/274 |
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| author | Katharina Petschinger Wolfram Adlassnig Marko S. Sabovljevic Ingeborg Lang |
| author_facet | Katharina Petschinger Wolfram Adlassnig Marko S. Sabovljevic Ingeborg Lang |
| author_sort | Katharina Petschinger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bryophytes are widely used to monitor air quality. Due to the lack of a cuticle, their cells can be compared to the roots of crop plants. This study aimed to test a hypothetical relation between metal tolerance and cell shape in biomonitoring mosses (<i>Hypnum cupressiforme</i>, <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i>, <i>Pseudoscleropodium purum</i>) and metal sensitive species (<i>Physcomitrium patens</i>, <i>Plagiomnium affine</i>). The tolerance experiments were conducted on leafy gametophytes exposed to solutions of ZnSO4, ZnCl<sub>2</sub>, and FeSO<sub>4</sub> in graded concentrations of 1 M to 10<sup>−8</sup> M. Plasmolysis in D-mannitol (0.8 M) was used as a viability measure. The selected species differed significantly in lamina cell shape, cell wall thickness, and metal tolerance. In those tested mosses, the lamina cell shape correlated significantly with the heavy metal tolerance, and we found differences for ZnSO4 and ZnCl<sub>2</sub>. Biomonitoring species with long and thin cells proved more tolerant than species with isodiametric cells. For the latter, “death zones” at intermediate metal concentrations were found upon exposure to ZnSO4. Species with a greater tolerance towards FeSO<sub>4</sub> and ZnSO<sub>4</sub> had thicker cell walls than less tolerant species. Hence, cell shape as a protoplast-to-wall ratio, in combination with cell wall thickness, could be a good marker for metal tolerance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:18:30Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:18:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d1784c0301a4df984d06faf41dc46e82023-12-03T11:50:09ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-01-0110227410.3390/plants10020274Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in BryophytesKatharina Petschinger0Wolfram Adlassnig1Marko S. Sabovljevic2Ingeborg Lang3Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, AustriaCell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, AustriaBryophytes are widely used to monitor air quality. Due to the lack of a cuticle, their cells can be compared to the roots of crop plants. This study aimed to test a hypothetical relation between metal tolerance and cell shape in biomonitoring mosses (<i>Hypnum cupressiforme</i>, <i>Pleurozium schreberi</i>, <i>Pseudoscleropodium purum</i>) and metal sensitive species (<i>Physcomitrium patens</i>, <i>Plagiomnium affine</i>). The tolerance experiments were conducted on leafy gametophytes exposed to solutions of ZnSO4, ZnCl<sub>2</sub>, and FeSO<sub>4</sub> in graded concentrations of 1 M to 10<sup>−8</sup> M. Plasmolysis in D-mannitol (0.8 M) was used as a viability measure. The selected species differed significantly in lamina cell shape, cell wall thickness, and metal tolerance. In those tested mosses, the lamina cell shape correlated significantly with the heavy metal tolerance, and we found differences for ZnSO4 and ZnCl<sub>2</sub>. Biomonitoring species with long and thin cells proved more tolerant than species with isodiametric cells. For the latter, “death zones” at intermediate metal concentrations were found upon exposure to ZnSO4. Species with a greater tolerance towards FeSO<sub>4</sub> and ZnSO<sub>4</sub> had thicker cell walls than less tolerant species. Hence, cell shape as a protoplast-to-wall ratio, in combination with cell wall thickness, could be a good marker for metal tolerance.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/274bioindicationbryophytesmosszincironcell shape |
| spellingShingle | Katharina Petschinger Wolfram Adlassnig Marko S. Sabovljevic Ingeborg Lang Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes Plants bioindication bryophytes moss zinc iron cell shape |
| title | Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes |
| title_full | Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes |
| title_fullStr | Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes |
| title_short | Lamina Cell Shape and Cell Wall Thickness Are Useful Indicators for Metal Tolerance—An Example in Bryophytes |
| title_sort | lamina cell shape and cell wall thickness are useful indicators for metal tolerance an example in bryophytes |
| topic | bioindication bryophytes moss zinc iron cell shape |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/274 |
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