The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation
The immune system is essential to protect organisms from internal and external threats. The rapidly acting, non-specific innate immune system includes complement, which initiates an inflammatory cascade and can form pores in the membranes of target cells to induce cell lysis. Regulation of protein h...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3907 |
| _version_ | 1797463396599201792 |
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| author | Nicholas J. Geraghty Sandeep Satapathy Mark R. Wilson |
| author_facet | Nicholas J. Geraghty Sandeep Satapathy Mark R. Wilson |
| author_sort | Nicholas J. Geraghty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immune system is essential to protect organisms from internal and external threats. The rapidly acting, non-specific innate immune system includes complement, which initiates an inflammatory cascade and can form pores in the membranes of target cells to induce cell lysis. Regulation of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for normal cellular and organismal function, and has been implicated in processes controlling immunity and infection. Chaperones are key players in maintaining proteostasis in both the intra- and extracellular environments. Whilst intracellular proteostasis is well-characterised, the role of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones (ECs) is less well understood. ECs may interact with invading pathogens, and elements of the subsequent immune response, including the complement pathway. Both ECs and complement can influence the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as other diseases including kidney diseases and diabetes. This review will examine known and recently discovered ECs, and their roles in immunity, with a specific focus on the complement pathway. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d1a35e87e8b43f1ad8525e5c5f6114d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:50:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d1a35e87e8b43f1ad8525e5c5f6114d2023-11-24T10:45:46ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-12-011123390710.3390/cells11233907The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement RegulationNicholas J. Geraghty0Sandeep Satapathy1Mark R. Wilson2Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaBlavatnik Institute of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USAMolecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AustraliaThe immune system is essential to protect organisms from internal and external threats. The rapidly acting, non-specific innate immune system includes complement, which initiates an inflammatory cascade and can form pores in the membranes of target cells to induce cell lysis. Regulation of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for normal cellular and organismal function, and has been implicated in processes controlling immunity and infection. Chaperones are key players in maintaining proteostasis in both the intra- and extracellular environments. Whilst intracellular proteostasis is well-characterised, the role of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones (ECs) is less well understood. ECs may interact with invading pathogens, and elements of the subsequent immune response, including the complement pathway. Both ECs and complement can influence the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as other diseases including kidney diseases and diabetes. This review will examine known and recently discovered ECs, and their roles in immunity, with a specific focus on the complement pathway.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3907extracellular chaperoneproteostasiscomplement systemneurodegenerationprotein foldingprotein aggregation |
| spellingShingle | Nicholas J. Geraghty Sandeep Satapathy Mark R. Wilson The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation Cells extracellular chaperone proteostasis complement system neurodegeneration protein folding protein aggregation |
| title | The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation |
| title_full | The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation |
| title_fullStr | The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation |
| title_short | The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation |
| title_sort | emerging roles of extracellular chaperones in complement regulation |
| topic | extracellular chaperone proteostasis complement system neurodegeneration protein folding protein aggregation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/23/3907 |
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