Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea
Recently, the surface ozone concentration in the Korean peninsula has been increasing more rapidly than in the past, and seasonal changes are appearing such as increases in the number of ozone alerts in springtime. We examined changes in the timing of annual maximum South Korean O3 levels by fitting...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844017319813 |
| _version_ | 1818692074832134144 |
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| author | Hyun-Chae Jung Byung-Kwon Moon Jieun Wie |
| author_facet | Hyun-Chae Jung Byung-Kwon Moon Jieun Wie |
| author_sort | Hyun-Chae Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, the surface ozone concentration in the Korean peninsula has been increasing more rapidly than in the past, and seasonal changes are appearing such as increases in the number of ozone alerts in springtime. We examined changes in the timing of annual maximum South Korean O3 levels by fitting a sine function to data from 54 air-quality monitoring sites over a 10-year period (2005–2014). The analytical results show that the date of maximum ozone concentration at 23 points in the last 10 years has been advanced by about 2.1 days per year (E-sites), while the remaining 31 points have been delayed by about 2.5 days per year (L-sites). We attribute these differences to seasonal O3 changes: E-sites show a larger increase in O3 level in March–April (MA) than in June–July (JJ), while L-sites show a larger increase in JJ than in MA. Furthermore, these shifts are significantly larger in magnitude than those reported for Europe and North America. We also examined one possible reason for these seasonal differences: the relationship between O3 and precursors such as NO2 and CO. E-sites showed a rapid decrease in NO2 (NO) concentration in MA over the last decade. As a result, the ozone concentration at E-sites seems to have increased due to the absence of ozone destruction by NOx titration in early spring. In L-Sites, the concentrations of ozone precursors such as NO2 and CO in JJ showed a smaller decrease than those at other sites. Therefore, in L-sites, relatively large amounts of ozone precursors were distributed in JJ, implying that more ozone was generated. We suggest that shifts in the South Korean O3 seasonal cycle are due to changes in early spring and summer NO2 (NO) and CO levels; this should be tested further by modeling studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T12:52:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d213e2ce9e4478b82a5873d393c8581 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T12:52:01Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d213e2ce9e4478b82a5873d393c85812022-12-21T21:47:35ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402018-01-014110.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00515Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South KoreaHyun-Chae JungByung-Kwon MoonJieun WieRecently, the surface ozone concentration in the Korean peninsula has been increasing more rapidly than in the past, and seasonal changes are appearing such as increases in the number of ozone alerts in springtime. We examined changes in the timing of annual maximum South Korean O3 levels by fitting a sine function to data from 54 air-quality monitoring sites over a 10-year period (2005–2014). The analytical results show that the date of maximum ozone concentration at 23 points in the last 10 years has been advanced by about 2.1 days per year (E-sites), while the remaining 31 points have been delayed by about 2.5 days per year (L-sites). We attribute these differences to seasonal O3 changes: E-sites show a larger increase in O3 level in March–April (MA) than in June–July (JJ), while L-sites show a larger increase in JJ than in MA. Furthermore, these shifts are significantly larger in magnitude than those reported for Europe and North America. We also examined one possible reason for these seasonal differences: the relationship between O3 and precursors such as NO2 and CO. E-sites showed a rapid decrease in NO2 (NO) concentration in MA over the last decade. As a result, the ozone concentration at E-sites seems to have increased due to the absence of ozone destruction by NOx titration in early spring. In L-Sites, the concentrations of ozone precursors such as NO2 and CO in JJ showed a smaller decrease than those at other sites. Therefore, in L-sites, relatively large amounts of ozone precursors were distributed in JJ, implying that more ozone was generated. We suggest that shifts in the South Korean O3 seasonal cycle are due to changes in early spring and summer NO2 (NO) and CO levels; this should be tested further by modeling studies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844017319813Earth sciencesAtmospheric scienceEnvironmental science |
| spellingShingle | Hyun-Chae Jung Byung-Kwon Moon Jieun Wie Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea Heliyon Earth sciences Atmospheric science Environmental science |
| title | Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea |
| title_full | Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea |
| title_short | Seasonal changes in surface ozone over South Korea |
| title_sort | seasonal changes in surface ozone over south korea |
| topic | Earth sciences Atmospheric science Environmental science |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844017319813 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hyunchaejung seasonalchangesinsurfaceozoneoversouthkorea AT byungkwonmoon seasonalchangesinsurfaceozoneoversouthkorea AT jieunwie seasonalchangesinsurfaceozoneoversouthkorea |