Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei
Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) causes melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease for which no licensed vaccine is available thus far. The host-pathogen interactions in B. pseudomallei infection largely remain the tip of the iceberg. The pathological manifestations are protean ranging from...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-08-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.718719/full |
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author | Vanitha Mariappan Kumutha Malar Vellasamy Muttiah Barathan A. S. Smiline Girija Esaki M. Shankar Jamuna Vadivelu |
author_facet | Vanitha Mariappan Kumutha Malar Vellasamy Muttiah Barathan A. S. Smiline Girija Esaki M. Shankar Jamuna Vadivelu |
author_sort | Vanitha Mariappan |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) causes melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease for which no licensed vaccine is available thus far. The host-pathogen interactions in B. pseudomallei infection largely remain the tip of the iceberg. The pathological manifestations are protean ranging from acute to chronic involving one or more visceral organs leading to septic shock, especially in individuals with underlying conditions similar to COVID-19. Pathogenesis is attributed to the intracellular ability of the bacterium to ‘step into’ the host cell’s cytoplasm from the endocytotic vacuole, where it appears to polymerize actin filaments to spread across cells in the closer vicinity. B. pseudomallei effectively evades the host’s surveillance armory to remain latent for prolonged duration also causing relapses despite antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, eradication of intracellular B. pseudomallei is highly dependent on robust cellular immune responses. However, it remains ambiguous why certain individuals in endemic areas experience asymptomatic seroconversion, whereas others succumb to sepsis-associated sequelae. Here, we propose key insights on how the host’s surveillance radars get commandeered by B. pseudomallei. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:50:34Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-1d22f5eae24f403a83752de33a6a5d5d |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1664-3224 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:50:34Z |
publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | Article |
series | Frontiers in Immunology |
spelling | doaj.art-1d22f5eae24f403a83752de33a6a5d5d2022-12-21T20:13:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-08-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.718719718719Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomalleiVanitha Mariappan0Kumutha Malar Vellasamy1Muttiah Barathan2A. S. Smiline Girija3Esaki M. Shankar4Jamuna Vadivelu5Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IndiaInfection Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, IndiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaBurkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) causes melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease for which no licensed vaccine is available thus far. The host-pathogen interactions in B. pseudomallei infection largely remain the tip of the iceberg. The pathological manifestations are protean ranging from acute to chronic involving one or more visceral organs leading to septic shock, especially in individuals with underlying conditions similar to COVID-19. Pathogenesis is attributed to the intracellular ability of the bacterium to ‘step into’ the host cell’s cytoplasm from the endocytotic vacuole, where it appears to polymerize actin filaments to spread across cells in the closer vicinity. B. pseudomallei effectively evades the host’s surveillance armory to remain latent for prolonged duration also causing relapses despite antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, eradication of intracellular B. pseudomallei is highly dependent on robust cellular immune responses. However, it remains ambiguous why certain individuals in endemic areas experience asymptomatic seroconversion, whereas others succumb to sepsis-associated sequelae. Here, we propose key insights on how the host’s surveillance radars get commandeered by B. pseudomallei.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.718719/fullBurkholderia pseudomalleiimmunologymelioidosispathogenesisvirulence |
spellingShingle | Vanitha Mariappan Kumutha Malar Vellasamy Muttiah Barathan A. S. Smiline Girija Esaki M. Shankar Jamuna Vadivelu Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei Frontiers in Immunology Burkholderia pseudomallei immunology melioidosis pathogenesis virulence |
title | Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei |
title_full | Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei |
title_fullStr | Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei |
title_full_unstemmed | Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei |
title_short | Hijacking of the Host’s Immune Surveillance Radars by Burkholderia pseudomallei |
title_sort | hijacking of the host s immune surveillance radars by burkholderia pseudomallei |
topic | Burkholderia pseudomallei immunology melioidosis pathogenesis virulence |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.718719/full |
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