A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids
Fluids containing colloidal suspensions of nanometer-sized particles (nanofluids) have been extensively investigated in recent decades with promising results. Driven by the increase in the thermal conductivity of these new thermofluids, this topic has been growing in order to improve the thermal cap...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/15/2526 |
| _version_ | 1797441198183415808 |
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| author | Reinaldo R. Souza Vera Faustino Inês M. Gonçalves Ana S. Moita Manuel Bañobre-López Rui Lima |
| author_facet | Reinaldo R. Souza Vera Faustino Inês M. Gonçalves Ana S. Moita Manuel Bañobre-López Rui Lima |
| author_sort | Reinaldo R. Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluids containing colloidal suspensions of nanometer-sized particles (nanofluids) have been extensively investigated in recent decades with promising results. Driven by the increase in the thermal conductivity of these new thermofluids, this topic has been growing in order to improve the thermal capacity of a series of applications in the thermal area. However, when it comes to measure nanofluids (NFs) thermal conductivity, experimental results need to be carefully analyzed. Hence, in this review work, the main traditional and new techniques used to measure thermal conductivity of the NFs are presented and analyzed. Moreover, the fundamental parameters that affect the measurements of the NFs’ thermal conductivity, such as, temperature, concentration, preparation of NFs, characteristics and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles, are also discussed. In this review, the experimental methods are compared with the theoretical methods and, also, a comparison between experimental methods are made. Finally, it is expected that this review will provide a guidance to researchers interested in implementing and developing the most appropriate experimental protocol, with the aim of increasing the level of reliability of the equipment used to measure the NFs thermal conductivity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d2bbb4bef6a48ca869ffe8b33f6ffea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d2bbb4bef6a48ca869ffe8b33f6ffea2023-11-30T22:41:55ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-07-011215252610.3390/nano12152526A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of NanofluidsReinaldo R. Souza0Vera Faustino1Inês M. Gonçalves2Ana S. Moita3Manuel Bañobre-López4Rui Lima5Metrics, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalMetrics, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalMetrics, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalIN+, Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, PortugalAdvanced (Magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, PortugalMetrics, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalFluids containing colloidal suspensions of nanometer-sized particles (nanofluids) have been extensively investigated in recent decades with promising results. Driven by the increase in the thermal conductivity of these new thermofluids, this topic has been growing in order to improve the thermal capacity of a series of applications in the thermal area. However, when it comes to measure nanofluids (NFs) thermal conductivity, experimental results need to be carefully analyzed. Hence, in this review work, the main traditional and new techniques used to measure thermal conductivity of the NFs are presented and analyzed. Moreover, the fundamental parameters that affect the measurements of the NFs’ thermal conductivity, such as, temperature, concentration, preparation of NFs, characteristics and thermophysical properties of nanoparticles, are also discussed. In this review, the experimental methods are compared with the theoretical methods and, also, a comparison between experimental methods are made. Finally, it is expected that this review will provide a guidance to researchers interested in implementing and developing the most appropriate experimental protocol, with the aim of increasing the level of reliability of the equipment used to measure the NFs thermal conductivity.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/15/2526nanofluidsthermal conductivitynanoparticlesthermophysical propertiesequipment for measuring the conductivity |
| spellingShingle | Reinaldo R. Souza Vera Faustino Inês M. Gonçalves Ana S. Moita Manuel Bañobre-López Rui Lima A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids Nanomaterials nanofluids thermal conductivity nanoparticles thermophysical properties equipment for measuring the conductivity |
| title | A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids |
| title_full | A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids |
| title_fullStr | A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids |
| title_short | A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids |
| title_sort | review of the advances and challenges in measuring the thermal conductivity of nanofluids |
| topic | nanofluids thermal conductivity nanoparticles thermophysical properties equipment for measuring the conductivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/15/2526 |
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