Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite
Biomass pyrolysis tar (BPT) with a higher heating value of 24.23 MJ/kg was used as raw feed for the catalytic gas-phase deoxygenation (GDO) process using Hβ zeolite loaded with different amounts of active elements (Ce, La, and Nd). Acetone molecule was chosen as a model compound to test the activity...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Catalysts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/6/1016 |
| _version_ | 1797595576029675520 |
|---|---|
| author | Ali A. Jazie Juma Haydary Suhad A. Abed Jakub Husár |
| author_facet | Ali A. Jazie Juma Haydary Suhad A. Abed Jakub Husár |
| author_sort | Ali A. Jazie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biomass pyrolysis tar (BPT) with a higher heating value of 24.23 MJ/kg was used as raw feed for the catalytic gas-phase deoxygenation (GDO) process using Hβ zeolite loaded with different amounts of active elements (Ce, La, and Nd). Acetone molecule was chosen as a model compound to test the activity of pure Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite, 5 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% La/Hβ zeolite, 5 wt% La/Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% Nd/Hβ zeolite, and 5 wt% Nd/Hβ zeolite at 400 °C and process time of 3 h. BPT characterization showed a wide range of oxygenated compounds with the main components including water: 0.71%, furfural: 5.85%, 4-ethylguaiacol: 2.14%, phenol: 13.63%, methylethyl ketone: 5.34%, cyclohexanone: 3.23%, isopropanol: 4.78%, ethanol: 3.67%, methanol: 3.13%, acetic acid: 41.06%, and acetone: 16.46%. BPT conversion using 1 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite catalyst showed the highest values of degree of deoxygenation (DOD) (68%) and conversion (16% for phenol, 88% for acetic acid, and 38% for 4-ethlyguaiacol). Yields of water, liquid phase, and gas phase in the GDO reaction using 1%Ce/Hβ zeolite were 18.33%, 47.42%, and 34.25%, respectively. Alkyl-substituted phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons achieved the highest yields of 37.34% and 35.56%, respectively. The main interaction pathways for BPT-GDO are also proposed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:39:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d313177592d4d019c39c435388e95ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:39:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d313177592d4d019c39c435388e95ee2023-11-18T09:42:31ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-06-01136101610.3390/catal13061016Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ ZeoliteAli A. Jazie0Juma Haydary1Suhad A. Abed2Jakub Husár3Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah 58002, IraqInstitute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah 58002, IraqInstitute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, SlovakiaBiomass pyrolysis tar (BPT) with a higher heating value of 24.23 MJ/kg was used as raw feed for the catalytic gas-phase deoxygenation (GDO) process using Hβ zeolite loaded with different amounts of active elements (Ce, La, and Nd). Acetone molecule was chosen as a model compound to test the activity of pure Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite, 5 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% La/Hβ zeolite, 5 wt% La/Hβ zeolite, 1 wt% Nd/Hβ zeolite, and 5 wt% Nd/Hβ zeolite at 400 °C and process time of 3 h. BPT characterization showed a wide range of oxygenated compounds with the main components including water: 0.71%, furfural: 5.85%, 4-ethylguaiacol: 2.14%, phenol: 13.63%, methylethyl ketone: 5.34%, cyclohexanone: 3.23%, isopropanol: 4.78%, ethanol: 3.67%, methanol: 3.13%, acetic acid: 41.06%, and acetone: 16.46%. BPT conversion using 1 wt% Ce/Hβ zeolite catalyst showed the highest values of degree of deoxygenation (DOD) (68%) and conversion (16% for phenol, 88% for acetic acid, and 38% for 4-ethlyguaiacol). Yields of water, liquid phase, and gas phase in the GDO reaction using 1%Ce/Hβ zeolite were 18.33%, 47.42%, and 34.25%, respectively. Alkyl-substituted phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons achieved the highest yields of 37.34% and 35.56%, respectively. The main interaction pathways for BPT-GDO are also proposed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/6/1016rare earth metalsHβ zeolitebiomass pyrolysis targas-phase deoxygenationacetone model compound |
| spellingShingle | Ali A. Jazie Juma Haydary Suhad A. Abed Jakub Husár Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite Catalysts rare earth metals Hβ zeolite biomass pyrolysis tar gas-phase deoxygenation acetone model compound |
| title | Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite |
| title_full | Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite |
| title_fullStr | Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite |
| title_short | Gas-Phase Deoxygenation of Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Catalyzed by Rare Earth Metal Loaded Hβ Zeolite |
| title_sort | gas phase deoxygenation of biomass pyrolysis tar catalyzed by rare earth metal loaded hβ zeolite |
| topic | rare earth metals Hβ zeolite biomass pyrolysis tar gas-phase deoxygenation acetone model compound |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/6/1016 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aliajazie gasphasedeoxygenationofbiomasspyrolysistarcatalyzedbyrareearthmetalloadedhbzeolite AT jumahaydary gasphasedeoxygenationofbiomasspyrolysistarcatalyzedbyrareearthmetalloadedhbzeolite AT suhadaabed gasphasedeoxygenationofbiomasspyrolysistarcatalyzedbyrareearthmetalloadedhbzeolite AT jakubhusar gasphasedeoxygenationofbiomasspyrolysistarcatalyzedbyrareearthmetalloadedhbzeolite |