Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions
An experimental vermicomposting system was established in purple soil present in Sichuan Basin, China. The purpose of vermicomposting (VC) was to recycle and manage organic waste materials; for instance, animal manure and crop residues are present in great quantity. A particular use of earthworms fo...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/8956 |
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| author | Syed Turab Raza Bo Zhu Jia Liang Tang Zulfiqar Ali Raheel Anjum Hamidou Bah Hassan Iqbal Xiao Ren Rida Ahmad |
| author_facet | Syed Turab Raza Bo Zhu Jia Liang Tang Zulfiqar Ali Raheel Anjum Hamidou Bah Hassan Iqbal Xiao Ren Rida Ahmad |
| author_sort | Syed Turab Raza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An experimental vermicomposting system was established in purple soil present in Sichuan Basin, China. The purpose of vermicomposting (VC) was to recycle and manage organic waste materials; for instance, animal manure and crop residues are present in great quantity. A particular use of earthworms for VC is a valuable method for retrieving essential plant nutrients. Experimental vermicomposting followed by monitoring was conducted for two months in summer with an interval of fifteen days. Four treatments, COM (compost without earthworms), VCM (using cow manure), VPM (through pig manure), and VBC (using biochar), were applied with agricultural wastes such as rapeseed and wheat straw in combination with cow dung, pig manure, and biochar, respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze and interpret the nutrient change among different treatments. Post hoc analysis was done using Tukey’s test. The experimental vermicomposting results revealed that VCM gives increased plant nutrients with a minimum C: N ratio (from 22.13 to 14.38) and a maximum increase in nitrogen concentrations (1.77 to 29.15 g kg<sup>−1</sup>). A significant decrease in ammonia volatilization was observed in the order VCM > VBC > VPM when compared to COM. It was experimentally established that vermicomposting is the most suitable method for converting organic waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer with the least environmental pollution load. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:42Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:02:42Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d31923952b4403e9ec3586f2876dc042023-11-21T00:55:29ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-12-011024895610.3390/app10248956Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases EmissionsSyed Turab Raza0Bo Zhu1Jia Liang Tang2Zulfiqar Ali3Raheel Anjum4Hamidou Bah5Hassan Iqbal6Xiao Ren7Rida Ahmad8Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Health & Wildlife, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, PakistanKey Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaXinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Health & Wildlife, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanAn experimental vermicomposting system was established in purple soil present in Sichuan Basin, China. The purpose of vermicomposting (VC) was to recycle and manage organic waste materials; for instance, animal manure and crop residues are present in great quantity. A particular use of earthworms for VC is a valuable method for retrieving essential plant nutrients. Experimental vermicomposting followed by monitoring was conducted for two months in summer with an interval of fifteen days. Four treatments, COM (compost without earthworms), VCM (using cow manure), VPM (through pig manure), and VBC (using biochar), were applied with agricultural wastes such as rapeseed and wheat straw in combination with cow dung, pig manure, and biochar, respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze and interpret the nutrient change among different treatments. Post hoc analysis was done using Tukey’s test. The experimental vermicomposting results revealed that VCM gives increased plant nutrients with a minimum C: N ratio (from 22.13 to 14.38) and a maximum increase in nitrogen concentrations (1.77 to 29.15 g kg<sup>−1</sup>). A significant decrease in ammonia volatilization was observed in the order VCM > VBC > VPM when compared to COM. It was experimentally established that vermicomposting is the most suitable method for converting organic waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer with the least environmental pollution load.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/8956vermicompostearthwormsagricultural wastesnutrientsgases emissionspurple soil |
| spellingShingle | Syed Turab Raza Bo Zhu Jia Liang Tang Zulfiqar Ali Raheel Anjum Hamidou Bah Hassan Iqbal Xiao Ren Rida Ahmad Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions Applied Sciences vermicompost earthworms agricultural wastes nutrients gases emissions purple soil |
| title | Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions |
| title_full | Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions |
| title_fullStr | Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions |
| title_short | Nutrients Recovery during Vermicomposting of Cow Dung, Pig Manure, and Biochar for Agricultural Sustainability with Gases Emissions |
| title_sort | nutrients recovery during vermicomposting of cow dung pig manure and biochar for agricultural sustainability with gases emissions |
| topic | vermicompost earthworms agricultural wastes nutrients gases emissions purple soil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/24/8956 |
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