Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond
Soil provides essential ecosystem services sustaining and improving human life, but mapping soil functions is an ongoing challenge. Denmark has a long history of carrying out soil assessments − originally in order to determine tax revenues for the king, and, more recently, for aiding policymakers an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Soil Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1090145/full |
| _version_ | 1828048920130879488 |
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| author | Lucas Carvalho Gomes Amélie Marie Beucher Anders Bjørn Møller Bo V. Iversen Christen Duus Børgesen Diana Vigah Adetsu Gasper Laurent Sechu Goswin Johann Heckrath Julian Koch Kabindra Adhikari Maria Knadel Mathieu Lamandé Mette Balslev Greve Niels H. Jensen Sebastian Gutierrez Thomas Balstrøm Triven Koganti Yannik Roell Yi Peng Mogens Humlekrog Greve |
| author_facet | Lucas Carvalho Gomes Amélie Marie Beucher Anders Bjørn Møller Bo V. Iversen Christen Duus Børgesen Diana Vigah Adetsu Gasper Laurent Sechu Goswin Johann Heckrath Julian Koch Kabindra Adhikari Maria Knadel Mathieu Lamandé Mette Balslev Greve Niels H. Jensen Sebastian Gutierrez Thomas Balstrøm Triven Koganti Yannik Roell Yi Peng Mogens Humlekrog Greve |
| author_sort | Lucas Carvalho Gomes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil provides essential ecosystem services sustaining and improving human life, but mapping soil functions is an ongoing challenge. Denmark has a long history of carrying out soil assessments − originally in order to determine tax revenues for the king, and, more recently, for aiding policymakers and farmers. This knowledge has supported the development of intensive agricultural systems while maintaining the provision of ecosystem services (e.g., clean water). Getting an overview of historical soil surveys and pedological mapping approaches can generate useful information for mapping soil, identifying gaps and proposing directions for future research. In this review, we explore the evolution of soil and environmental inventories, the historical development of soil mapping methods, and how these factors contributed to a better spatial understanding of soil functions. Specifically, we discuss soil functions related to water regulation (e.g., drainage, groundwater and water surface interactions, water table), water filtering (e.g., nitrogen leaching), carbon sequestration (e.g., peatlands), agricultural production (e.g., land suitability, wheat yields), and threats related to soil degradation (e.g., soil erosion). Denmark has benefitted from a government-coordinated approach, promoting detailed and systematic national soil surveys and environmental monitoring programmes. The large databases produced in the surveys formed the basis for mapping several soil properties and functions at increasingly high resolutions over the last many years based on developments in machine learning. In contrast to methodological advances in soil mapping and relevant contributions to pedometric research, we identified a lack of spatial information on soil biodiversity. Detailed spatial information about soil functions is essential to address global issues, such as climate change, food security and water security, and the experience of mapping soil functions in Denmark can be a source of inspiration to other parts of the world. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:04:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d3da117e14f4ab39c8793d8d5f7ebd5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-8619 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:04:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Soil Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d3da117e14f4ab39c8793d8d5f7ebd52023-01-31T05:16:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Soil Science2673-86192023-01-01310.3389/fsoil.2023.10901451090145Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyondLucas Carvalho Gomes0Amélie Marie Beucher1Anders Bjørn Møller2Bo V. Iversen3Christen Duus Børgesen4Diana Vigah Adetsu5Gasper Laurent Sechu6Goswin Johann Heckrath7Julian Koch8Kabindra Adhikari9Maria Knadel10Mathieu Lamandé11Mette Balslev Greve12Niels H. Jensen13Sebastian Gutierrez14Thomas Balstrøm15Triven Koganti16Yannik Roell17Yi Peng18Mogens Humlekrog Greve19Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkGeological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, DenmarkUSDA– Agricultural Research Service, Grassland, Soil & Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, United StatesDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkColorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, United StatesDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, DenmarkSoil provides essential ecosystem services sustaining and improving human life, but mapping soil functions is an ongoing challenge. Denmark has a long history of carrying out soil assessments − originally in order to determine tax revenues for the king, and, more recently, for aiding policymakers and farmers. This knowledge has supported the development of intensive agricultural systems while maintaining the provision of ecosystem services (e.g., clean water). Getting an overview of historical soil surveys and pedological mapping approaches can generate useful information for mapping soil, identifying gaps and proposing directions for future research. In this review, we explore the evolution of soil and environmental inventories, the historical development of soil mapping methods, and how these factors contributed to a better spatial understanding of soil functions. Specifically, we discuss soil functions related to water regulation (e.g., drainage, groundwater and water surface interactions, water table), water filtering (e.g., nitrogen leaching), carbon sequestration (e.g., peatlands), agricultural production (e.g., land suitability, wheat yields), and threats related to soil degradation (e.g., soil erosion). Denmark has benefitted from a government-coordinated approach, promoting detailed and systematic national soil surveys and environmental monitoring programmes. The large databases produced in the surveys formed the basis for mapping several soil properties and functions at increasingly high resolutions over the last many years based on developments in machine learning. In contrast to methodological advances in soil mapping and relevant contributions to pedometric research, we identified a lack of spatial information on soil biodiversity. Detailed spatial information about soil functions is essential to address global issues, such as climate change, food security and water security, and the experience of mapping soil functions in Denmark can be a source of inspiration to other parts of the world.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1090145/fulldigital soil mappingecosystem servicessustainable development goalsmachine learningsoil securitysoil threats |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Carvalho Gomes Amélie Marie Beucher Anders Bjørn Møller Bo V. Iversen Christen Duus Børgesen Diana Vigah Adetsu Gasper Laurent Sechu Goswin Johann Heckrath Julian Koch Kabindra Adhikari Maria Knadel Mathieu Lamandé Mette Balslev Greve Niels H. Jensen Sebastian Gutierrez Thomas Balstrøm Triven Koganti Yannik Roell Yi Peng Mogens Humlekrog Greve Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond Frontiers in Soil Science digital soil mapping ecosystem services sustainable development goals machine learning soil security soil threats |
| title | Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| title_full | Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| title_fullStr | Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| title_short | Soil assessment in Denmark: Towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| title_sort | soil assessment in denmark towards soil functional mapping and beyond |
| topic | digital soil mapping ecosystem services sustainable development goals machine learning soil security soil threats |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1090145/full |
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