Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States
There is inconsistency regarding the association between long-chain <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the association between th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/20/4407 |
| _version_ | 1797470588607922176 |
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| author | Sunyoung Jo William S. Harris Nathan L. Tintle Yongsoon Park |
| author_facet | Sunyoung Jo William S. Harris Nathan L. Tintle Yongsoon Park |
| author_sort | Sunyoung Jo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is inconsistency regarding the association between long-chain <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the Omega-3 Index (erythrocyte EPA + DHA) and glycemic status as a function of body mass index (BMI). Cross-sectional data from routine clinical laboratory testing with a total of 100,572 people aged over 18 years and BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> were included. Of the patients, 10% were hyperglycemic (fasting plasma glucose levels ≥ 126 mg/dL) and 24.7% were of normal weight, 35.0% were overweight, and 40.3% were obese. Odds ratios (ORs) of being hyperglycemic were inversely associated with the Omega-3 Index, but weakened as BMI increased. Thus, ORs (95% CI) comparing quintile 5 with quintile 1 were 0.54 (0.44–0.66) in the normal weight group, 0.70 (0.61–0.79) in the overweight group, and 0.74 (0.67–0.81) in the obese group. Similar patterns were seen for EPA and DHA separately. The present study suggested that a low Omega-3 Index is associated with a greater risk of disordered glucose metabolism and this is independent of BMI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d44c56a0a4a47fca2b462b9a4fe58b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d44c56a0a4a47fca2b462b9a4fe58b72023-11-24T01:46:16ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-10-011420440710.3390/nu14204407Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United StatesSunyoung Jo0William S. Harris1Nathan L. Tintle2Yongsoon Park3Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaSanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USAFatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57106, USADepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaThere is inconsistency regarding the association between long-chain <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the Omega-3 Index (erythrocyte EPA + DHA) and glycemic status as a function of body mass index (BMI). Cross-sectional data from routine clinical laboratory testing with a total of 100,572 people aged over 18 years and BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> were included. Of the patients, 10% were hyperglycemic (fasting plasma glucose levels ≥ 126 mg/dL) and 24.7% were of normal weight, 35.0% were overweight, and 40.3% were obese. Odds ratios (ORs) of being hyperglycemic were inversely associated with the Omega-3 Index, but weakened as BMI increased. Thus, ORs (95% CI) comparing quintile 5 with quintile 1 were 0.54 (0.44–0.66) in the normal weight group, 0.70 (0.61–0.79) in the overweight group, and 0.74 (0.67–0.81) in the obese group. Similar patterns were seen for EPA and DHA separately. The present study suggested that a low Omega-3 Index is associated with a greater risk of disordered glucose metabolism and this is independent of BMI.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/20/4407body mass indexOmega-3 Index<i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidshyperglycemiatype 2 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Sunyoung Jo William S. Harris Nathan L. Tintle Yongsoon Park Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States Nutrients body mass index Omega-3 Index <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids hyperglycemia type 2 diabetes |
| title | Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States |
| title_full | Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States |
| title_fullStr | Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States |
| title_short | Association between Omega-3 Index and Hyperglycemia Depending on Body Mass Index among Adults in the United States |
| title_sort | association between omega 3 index and hyperglycemia depending on body mass index among adults in the united states |
| topic | body mass index Omega-3 Index <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids hyperglycemia type 2 diabetes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/20/4407 |
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