Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets
Purebred Bamei piglets present problems, including slow growth, respiratory disease, and post-weaning stress. This study investigated the effects of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> QP28-1- and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> QB8-fermented feed supplementation on the growth performanc...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/647 |
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| author | Miao Zhang Zhenyu Yang Guofang Wu Fafang Xu Jianbo Zhang Xuan Luo Yuhong Ma Huili Pang Yaoke Duan Jun Chen Yimin Cai Lei Wang Zhongfang Tan |
| author_facet | Miao Zhang Zhenyu Yang Guofang Wu Fafang Xu Jianbo Zhang Xuan Luo Yuhong Ma Huili Pang Yaoke Duan Jun Chen Yimin Cai Lei Wang Zhongfang Tan |
| author_sort | Miao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purebred Bamei piglets present problems, including slow growth, respiratory disease, and post-weaning stress. This study investigated the effects of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> QP28-1- and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> QB8-fermented feed supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, and intestinal microflora of Bamei piglets from Qinghai, China. A total of 48 purebred Bamei piglets (25 days; 6.8 ± 0.97 kg) were divided into the following four groups for a 28-day diet experiment: basal feed (CK); diet containing 10% <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>-fermented feed (L); diet containing 10% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-fermented feed (B); and diet containing a mixture of 5% <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> + 5% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-fermented feed (H). The daily weight gain and daily food intake of group H increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the feed/weight gain ratios of the groups fed with fermented feed decreased more than that of the CK group. The levels of three immune factors, namely immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, and interferon-γ, were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas those of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the fermented feed groups than in the CK group. Total protein was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglycerides were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the mixed-fermented feed group than in the CK group. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that the addition of fermented feed increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota, increasing the abundances of probiotics including <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, <i>Prevotellaceae</i>, and <i>Rikenellaceae</i>. Additionally, correlation analysis demonstrated that several of these probiotic bacteria were closely related to serum immunity. In conclusion, fermented feed supplementation rebuilt the intestinal microbiota of Bamei piglets, thereby reducing the feed/weight ratio, improving feed intake, and enhancing immunity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1d4dc49e37034dd0a3f14e62fd698238 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:45:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1d4dc49e37034dd0a3f14e62fd6982382024-02-23T15:04:55ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-02-0114464710.3390/ani14040647Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei PigletsMiao Zhang0Zhenyu Yang1Guofang Wu2Fafang Xu3Jianbo Zhang4Xuan Luo5Yuhong Ma6Huili Pang7Yaoke Duan8Jun Chen9Yimin Cai10Lei Wang11Zhongfang Tan12School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaPlateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaBamei Pig Original Breeding Base of Huzhu County, Haidong 810600, ChinaPlateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaPlateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaPlateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaPlateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaPurebred Bamei piglets present problems, including slow growth, respiratory disease, and post-weaning stress. This study investigated the effects of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> QP28-1- and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> QB8-fermented feed supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, and intestinal microflora of Bamei piglets from Qinghai, China. A total of 48 purebred Bamei piglets (25 days; 6.8 ± 0.97 kg) were divided into the following four groups for a 28-day diet experiment: basal feed (CK); diet containing 10% <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>-fermented feed (L); diet containing 10% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-fermented feed (B); and diet containing a mixture of 5% <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> + 5% <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>-fermented feed (H). The daily weight gain and daily food intake of group H increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the feed/weight gain ratios of the groups fed with fermented feed decreased more than that of the CK group. The levels of three immune factors, namely immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, and interferon-γ, were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas those of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the fermented feed groups than in the CK group. Total protein was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while urea nitrogen, total cholesterol and triglycerides were lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the mixed-fermented feed group than in the CK group. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that the addition of fermented feed increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota, increasing the abundances of probiotics including <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, <i>Prevotellaceae</i>, and <i>Rikenellaceae</i>. Additionally, correlation analysis demonstrated that several of these probiotic bacteria were closely related to serum immunity. In conclusion, fermented feed supplementation rebuilt the intestinal microbiota of Bamei piglets, thereby reducing the feed/weight ratio, improving feed intake, and enhancing immunity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/647fermented feedgrowth performanceserum immunityintestinal microbiotaBamei piglet |
| spellingShingle | Miao Zhang Zhenyu Yang Guofang Wu Fafang Xu Jianbo Zhang Xuan Luo Yuhong Ma Huili Pang Yaoke Duan Jun Chen Yimin Cai Lei Wang Zhongfang Tan Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets Animals fermented feed growth performance serum immunity intestinal microbiota Bamei piglet |
| title | Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets |
| title_full | Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets |
| title_short | Effects of Probiotic-Fermented Feed on the Growth Profile, Immune Functions, and Intestinal Microbiota of Bamei Piglets |
| title_sort | effects of probiotic fermented feed on the growth profile immune functions and intestinal microbiota of bamei piglets |
| topic | fermented feed growth performance serum immunity intestinal microbiota Bamei piglet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/647 |
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