Metode de evaluare a riscului de apariţie a vătămărilor de zăpadă în pădurile din România [Methods for the evaluation of risk to snowdamages in Romanian forests]
Statistical information prove that in the last 50 years the damages caused by snow in forests (especially in the coniferous forests) significantly increased. The research aims are to propose an holistic analisy of the snow damages in forests and for the management of the risk. A better knowledg...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
”Ștefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Faculty of Forestry and “Marin Drăcea” National Research-Development Institute in Forestry - Station Câmpulung Moldovenesc
2004-07-01
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| Series: | Bucovina Forestieră |
| Online Access: | http://www.bucovina-forestiera.ro/arhiva/2004/12(1-2)/metode-de-evaluare-a-riscului-de-aparitie-a-vatamarilor-de-zapada-in-padurile-din-romania.pdf |
| Summary: | Statistical information prove that in the last 50
years the damages caused by snow in forests (especially
in the coniferous forests) significantly increased.
The research aims are to propose an holistic
analisy of the snow damages in forests and for the
management of the risk. A better knowledge of the
risk can reduce of the impact of catastrophic damages
as much is possible and restore the damaged
forests in such way so that further catastrophes
may be limited in their extent and effects.
The main causes of the occurrence of snowdamages
are: (a) the structural modifications of forest
landscape under human activities, through extension
of the artificial coniferous plantations; (b)
climatic changes with major effects, represented
by the catastrophic rainfalls in short time (1-3
days) in the same region. When these are liquid,
the catastrophic floodare are registered and when
the precipitation are in snow-form, snow-damages
in hilly forests or avalanches in high mountains are
registered too. More than 10 catastrophic snow-damages
have been reported in the last 20 years in
Europe. In some regions, snow and wind damages
represent more than 40-80 % of sustained cut in 10
years, with severe effects on the forest management
and wood market.
In comparison with the wind damages, snow
damages are more dangerous, because appear, generally, in young stands, and the management of
damaged stands is more difficult and risky.
In forests, snow damages are examined in relation
with the geographical and meteorological conditions:
(a) identification of the natural parameters
in different region of Romania for the evaluation
of natural risk to snow damages; (b) meteorological
and climatological factors which determine
snow damages in forests (determinant factors);
evaluation of the risk on the basis of determinant
factors - probabilistic model; (c) identification of
the predisposant and incitant factors in snow damaged
forests and quantification of their influence;
(d) development of the methods and mapping criteria
for the prognosis of risk to snow damages; (e)
production of the methods for snow risk analisys
and the specific management of stands; (f) rationalization
of the financial and human efforts with an
increase of the forest stability.
The results are the based on the autor's experience
in the research and evaluation of four catastrophic
snow damages in Romania (1977, 1979,
1993, 1996). Some proposals for the evaluation of
stands stability to snow and for the snow risk mapping
of the Romanian territory have been developed
in recent years. |
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| ISSN: | 1582-0769 1582-3725 |