Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks
Infrastructure systems, such as wind farms, are prone to various human-induced and natural disruptions such as extreme weather conditions. There is growing concern among decision makers about the ability of wind farms to withstand and regain their performance when facing disruptions, in terms of res...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/15/4439 |
| _version_ | 1797525628945170432 |
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| author | Albara M. Mustafa Abbas Barabadi |
| author_facet | Albara M. Mustafa Abbas Barabadi |
| author_sort | Albara M. Mustafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infrastructure systems, such as wind farms, are prone to various human-induced and natural disruptions such as extreme weather conditions. There is growing concern among decision makers about the ability of wind farms to withstand and regain their performance when facing disruptions, in terms of resilience-enhanced strategies. This paper proposes a probabilistic model to calculate the resilience of wind farms facing disruptive weather conditions. In this study, the resilience of wind farms is considered to be a function of their reliability, maintainability, supportability, and organizational resilience. The relationships between these resilience variables can be structured using Bayesian network models. The use of Bayesian networks allows for analyzing different resilience scenarios. Moreover, Bayesian networks can be used to quantify resilience, which is demonstrated in this paper with a case study of a wind farm in Arctic Norway. The results of the case study show that the wind farm is highly resilient under normal operating conditions, and slightly degraded under Arctic operating conditions. Moreover, the case study introduced the calculation of wind farm resilience under Arctic black swan conditions. A black swan scenario is an unknowable unknown scenario that can affect a system with low probability and very high extreme consequences. The results of the analysis show that the resilience of the wind farm is significantly degraded when operating under Arctic black swan conditions. In addition, a backward propagation of the Bayesian network illustrates the percentage of improvement required in each resilience factor in order to attain a certain level of resilience of the wind farm under Arctic black swan conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:16:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d6079f7ad634eca9a616ec0fc708230 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:16:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d6079f7ad634eca9a616ec0fc7082302023-11-22T05:32:57ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-07-011415443910.3390/en14154439Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian NetworksAlbara M. Mustafa0Abbas Barabadi1Department of Technology and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 6050 Tromsø, NorwayDepartment of Technology and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 6050 Tromsø, NorwayInfrastructure systems, such as wind farms, are prone to various human-induced and natural disruptions such as extreme weather conditions. There is growing concern among decision makers about the ability of wind farms to withstand and regain their performance when facing disruptions, in terms of resilience-enhanced strategies. This paper proposes a probabilistic model to calculate the resilience of wind farms facing disruptive weather conditions. In this study, the resilience of wind farms is considered to be a function of their reliability, maintainability, supportability, and organizational resilience. The relationships between these resilience variables can be structured using Bayesian network models. The use of Bayesian networks allows for analyzing different resilience scenarios. Moreover, Bayesian networks can be used to quantify resilience, which is demonstrated in this paper with a case study of a wind farm in Arctic Norway. The results of the case study show that the wind farm is highly resilient under normal operating conditions, and slightly degraded under Arctic operating conditions. Moreover, the case study introduced the calculation of wind farm resilience under Arctic black swan conditions. A black swan scenario is an unknowable unknown scenario that can affect a system with low probability and very high extreme consequences. The results of the analysis show that the resilience of the wind farm is significantly degraded when operating under Arctic black swan conditions. In addition, a backward propagation of the Bayesian network illustrates the percentage of improvement required in each resilience factor in order to attain a certain level of resilience of the wind farm under Arctic black swan conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/15/4439wind farmswind turbinesArctic conditionsArctic black swanresilienceBayesian network |
| spellingShingle | Albara M. Mustafa Abbas Barabadi Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks Energies wind farms wind turbines Arctic conditions Arctic black swan resilience Bayesian network |
| title | Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks |
| title_full | Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks |
| title_fullStr | Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks |
| title_short | Resilience Assessment of Wind Farms in the Arctic with the Application of Bayesian Networks |
| title_sort | resilience assessment of wind farms in the arctic with the application of bayesian networks |
| topic | wind farms wind turbines Arctic conditions Arctic black swan resilience Bayesian network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/15/4439 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT albarammustafa resilienceassessmentofwindfarmsinthearcticwiththeapplicationofbayesiannetworks AT abbasbarabadi resilienceassessmentofwindfarmsinthearcticwiththeapplicationofbayesiannetworks |