Microglia in Retinal Degeneration
The retina is a complex tissue with multiple cell layers that are highly ordered. Its sophisticated structure makes it especially sensitive to external or internal perturbations that exceed the homeostatic range. This necessitates the continuous surveillance of the retina for the detection of noxiou...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01975/full |
| _version_ | 1818476590113226752 |
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| author | Khalid Rashid Isha Akhtar-Schaefer Thomas Langmann Thomas Langmann |
| author_facet | Khalid Rashid Isha Akhtar-Schaefer Thomas Langmann Thomas Langmann |
| author_sort | Khalid Rashid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The retina is a complex tissue with multiple cell layers that are highly ordered. Its sophisticated structure makes it especially sensitive to external or internal perturbations that exceed the homeostatic range. This necessitates the continuous surveillance of the retina for the detection of noxious stimuli. This task is mainly performed by microglia cells, the resident tissue macrophages which confer neuroprotection against transient pathophysiological insults. However, under sustained pathological stimuli, microglial inflammatory responses become dysregulated, often worsening disease pathology. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies that depict microglial responses in diverse retinal pathologies that have degeneration and chronic immune reactions as key pathophysiological components. We also discuss innovative immunomodulatory therapy strategies that dampen the detrimental immunological responses to improve disease outcome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:27:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d6de7cf24e34a7d8bc91b69bce8c1c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:27:45Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d6de7cf24e34a7d8bc91b69bce8c1c72022-12-22T01:54:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-08-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.01975474669Microglia in Retinal DegenerationKhalid Rashid0Isha Akhtar-Schaefer1Thomas Langmann2Thomas Langmann3Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyLaboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyLaboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, GermanyThe retina is a complex tissue with multiple cell layers that are highly ordered. Its sophisticated structure makes it especially sensitive to external or internal perturbations that exceed the homeostatic range. This necessitates the continuous surveillance of the retina for the detection of noxious stimuli. This task is mainly performed by microglia cells, the resident tissue macrophages which confer neuroprotection against transient pathophysiological insults. However, under sustained pathological stimuli, microglial inflammatory responses become dysregulated, often worsening disease pathology. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies that depict microglial responses in diverse retinal pathologies that have degeneration and chronic immune reactions as key pathophysiological components. We also discuss innovative immunomodulatory therapy strategies that dampen the detrimental immunological responses to improve disease outcome.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01975/fullretinamicroglianeuroprotectionchronic inflammationimmunomodulation |
| spellingShingle | Khalid Rashid Isha Akhtar-Schaefer Thomas Langmann Thomas Langmann Microglia in Retinal Degeneration Frontiers in Immunology retina microglia neuroprotection chronic inflammation immunomodulation |
| title | Microglia in Retinal Degeneration |
| title_full | Microglia in Retinal Degeneration |
| title_fullStr | Microglia in Retinal Degeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microglia in Retinal Degeneration |
| title_short | Microglia in Retinal Degeneration |
| title_sort | microglia in retinal degeneration |
| topic | retina microglia neuroprotection chronic inflammation immunomodulation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01975/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT khalidrashid microgliainretinaldegeneration AT ishaakhtarschaefer microgliainretinaldegeneration AT thomaslangmann microgliainretinaldegeneration AT thomaslangmann microgliainretinaldegeneration |