Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study
Abstract Background We conducted this study to compare the risk of reinfection between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a control group without MS. Method In this retrospective study, data of all SARS-CoV-2 tests (n = 793,301) and almost all MS patients (n = 10,639) in Isfahan province were coll...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Neurology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-022-02907-8 |
| _version_ | 1811195040603570176 |
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| author | Mahdi Barzegar Amirreza Manteghinejad Sara Bagherieh Setayesh Sindarreh Omid Mirmosayyeb Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard Vahid Shaygannejad Maryam Nasirian |
| author_facet | Mahdi Barzegar Amirreza Manteghinejad Sara Bagherieh Setayesh Sindarreh Omid Mirmosayyeb Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard Vahid Shaygannejad Maryam Nasirian |
| author_sort | Mahdi Barzegar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background We conducted this study to compare the risk of reinfection between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a control group without MS. Method In this retrospective study, data of all SARS-CoV-2 tests (n = 793,301) and almost all MS patients (n = 10,639) in Isfahan province were collected from January 01, 2020 to August 22, 2021. Of the 2196 MS patients and 793,301 persons from the general population who had been tested at least once, 3 control for each MS patient were identified, leaving 1560 MS patients and 4680 controls without MS. We compared the risk of reinfection after 90 days of a primary infection between those with and without a previous positive COVID-19 test. Results 736 (47.2%) MS patients and 2013 (43.0%) control individuals had at least one positive test. A total of 17 (2.3%) and 22 (1.1%) possible reinfections in MS and control groups were observed. The estimated protection against reinfection in all MS patients, MS patients on rituximab, MS patients on DMTs rather than rituximab, and controls were 68.2% (46.2, 81.2%), 57.4% (− 0.1, 83.1%), 71.5% (45.5, 85.2%), and 82.1% (72.1, 88.5%), respectively. We found no statistically significant difference in estimated protection (p = 0.123) and odd of reinfection (adjusted OR: 2.01 [0.98, 4.08]) between all MS patients and control group. Two patients were hospitalized at first infection but none required hospitalization at reinfection event. Conclusions MS patients on rituximab may be at a greater risk of reinfection. Further studies are required to assess the risk of the second reinfection among the MS population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:37:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d7f6e45b3ca4f11a2789dbf1fb90710 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2377 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:37:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d7f6e45b3ca4f11a2789dbf1fb907102022-12-22T03:55:08ZengBMCBMC Neurology1471-23772022-10-0122111010.1186/s12883-022-02907-8Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based studyMahdi Barzegar0Amirreza Manteghinejad1Sara Bagherieh2Setayesh Sindarreh3Omid Mirmosayyeb4Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard5Vahid Shaygannejad6Maryam Nasirian7Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesCancer Prevention Research Center, Omid Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesApplied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background We conducted this study to compare the risk of reinfection between multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a control group without MS. Method In this retrospective study, data of all SARS-CoV-2 tests (n = 793,301) and almost all MS patients (n = 10,639) in Isfahan province were collected from January 01, 2020 to August 22, 2021. Of the 2196 MS patients and 793,301 persons from the general population who had been tested at least once, 3 control for each MS patient were identified, leaving 1560 MS patients and 4680 controls without MS. We compared the risk of reinfection after 90 days of a primary infection between those with and without a previous positive COVID-19 test. Results 736 (47.2%) MS patients and 2013 (43.0%) control individuals had at least one positive test. A total of 17 (2.3%) and 22 (1.1%) possible reinfections in MS and control groups were observed. The estimated protection against reinfection in all MS patients, MS patients on rituximab, MS patients on DMTs rather than rituximab, and controls were 68.2% (46.2, 81.2%), 57.4% (− 0.1, 83.1%), 71.5% (45.5, 85.2%), and 82.1% (72.1, 88.5%), respectively. We found no statistically significant difference in estimated protection (p = 0.123) and odd of reinfection (adjusted OR: 2.01 [0.98, 4.08]) between all MS patients and control group. Two patients were hospitalized at first infection but none required hospitalization at reinfection event. Conclusions MS patients on rituximab may be at a greater risk of reinfection. Further studies are required to assess the risk of the second reinfection among the MS population.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-022-02907-8Multiple sclerosisCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2ReinfectionRituximab |
| spellingShingle | Mahdi Barzegar Amirreza Manteghinejad Sara Bagherieh Setayesh Sindarreh Omid Mirmosayyeb Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard Vahid Shaygannejad Maryam Nasirian Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study BMC Neurology Multiple sclerosis COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Rituximab |
| title | Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study |
| title_full | Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study |
| title_fullStr | Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study |
| title_short | Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs. the general population: a population-based study |
| title_sort | risk and severity of sars cov 2 reinfection among patients with multiple sclerosis vs the general population a population based study |
| topic | Multiple sclerosis COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Rituximab |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-022-02907-8 |
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