Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system.
<h4>Background</h4>Estimating and evaluating the economic burden of HF and its impact on the public healthcare system is necessary for devising improved treatment plans in the future. The present study aimed to determine the economic impact of HF on the public healthcare system.<h4>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288035 |
| _version_ | 1797774726770196480 |
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| author | Siew Chin Ong Joo Zheng Low |
| author_facet | Siew Chin Ong Joo Zheng Low |
| author_sort | Siew Chin Ong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Estimating and evaluating the economic burden of HF and its impact on the public healthcare system is necessary for devising improved treatment plans in the future. The present study aimed to determine the economic impact of HF on the public healthcare system.<h4>Method</h4>The annual cost of HF per patient was estimated using unweighted average and inverse probability weighting (IPW). Unweight average estimated the annual cost by considering all observed cases regardless of the availability of all the cost data, while IPW calculated the cost by weighting against inverse probability. The economic burden of HF was estimated for different HF phenotypes and age categories at the population level from the public healthcare system perspective.<h4>Results</h4>The mean (standard deviation) annual costs per patient calculated using unweighted average and IPW were USD 5,123 (USD 3,262) and USD 5,217 (USD 3,317), respectively. The cost of HF estimated using two different approaches did not differ significantly (p = 0.865). The estimated cost burden of HF in Malaysia was USD 481.9 million (range: USD 31.7 million- 1,213.2 million) per year, which accounts for 1.05% (range: 0.07%-2.66%) of total health expenditure in 2021. The cost of managing patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) accounted for 61.1% of the total financial burden of HF in Malaysia. The annual cost burden increased from USD 2.8 million for patients aged 20-29 to USD 142.1 million for those aged 60-69. The cost of managing HF in patients aged 50-79 years contributed 74.1% of the total financial burden of HF in Malaysia.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A large portion of the financial burden of HF in Malaysia is driven by inpatient costs and HFrEF patients. Long-term survival of HF patients leads to an increase in the prevalence of HF, inevitably increasing the financial burden of HF. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:25:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d88c8be9b2b457eb5e92b7bcf10d3df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:25:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d88c8be9b2b457eb5e92b7bcf10d3df2023-07-22T05:31:48ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01187e028803510.1371/journal.pone.0288035Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system.Siew Chin OngJoo Zheng Low<h4>Background</h4>Estimating and evaluating the economic burden of HF and its impact on the public healthcare system is necessary for devising improved treatment plans in the future. The present study aimed to determine the economic impact of HF on the public healthcare system.<h4>Method</h4>The annual cost of HF per patient was estimated using unweighted average and inverse probability weighting (IPW). Unweight average estimated the annual cost by considering all observed cases regardless of the availability of all the cost data, while IPW calculated the cost by weighting against inverse probability. The economic burden of HF was estimated for different HF phenotypes and age categories at the population level from the public healthcare system perspective.<h4>Results</h4>The mean (standard deviation) annual costs per patient calculated using unweighted average and IPW were USD 5,123 (USD 3,262) and USD 5,217 (USD 3,317), respectively. The cost of HF estimated using two different approaches did not differ significantly (p = 0.865). The estimated cost burden of HF in Malaysia was USD 481.9 million (range: USD 31.7 million- 1,213.2 million) per year, which accounts for 1.05% (range: 0.07%-2.66%) of total health expenditure in 2021. The cost of managing patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) accounted for 61.1% of the total financial burden of HF in Malaysia. The annual cost burden increased from USD 2.8 million for patients aged 20-29 to USD 142.1 million for those aged 60-69. The cost of managing HF in patients aged 50-79 years contributed 74.1% of the total financial burden of HF in Malaysia.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A large portion of the financial burden of HF in Malaysia is driven by inpatient costs and HFrEF patients. Long-term survival of HF patients leads to an increase in the prevalence of HF, inevitably increasing the financial burden of HF.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288035 |
| spellingShingle | Siew Chin Ong Joo Zheng Low Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. PLoS ONE |
| title | Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. |
| title_full | Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. |
| title_fullStr | Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. |
| title_short | Financial burden of heart failure in Malaysia: A perspective from the public healthcare system. |
| title_sort | financial burden of heart failure in malaysia a perspective from the public healthcare system |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288035 |
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