Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System
Nanomaterials have been the focus of intensive development and research in the medical and industrial sectors over the past several decades. Some studies have found that these compounds can have a detrimental impact on living organisms, including their cellular components. Despite the obvious advant...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2008 |
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| author | Alaa A. Aljabali Mohammad A. Obeid Rasha M. Bashatwah Ángel Serrano-Aroca Vijay Mishra Yachana Mishra Mohamed El-Tanani Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić Deepak N. Kapoor Rohit Goyal Gowhar A. Naikoo Murtaza M. Tambuwala |
| author_facet | Alaa A. Aljabali Mohammad A. Obeid Rasha M. Bashatwah Ángel Serrano-Aroca Vijay Mishra Yachana Mishra Mohamed El-Tanani Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić Deepak N. Kapoor Rohit Goyal Gowhar A. Naikoo Murtaza M. Tambuwala |
| author_sort | Alaa A. Aljabali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanomaterials have been the focus of intensive development and research in the medical and industrial sectors over the past several decades. Some studies have found that these compounds can have a detrimental impact on living organisms, including their cellular components. Despite the obvious advantages of using nanomaterials in a wide range of applications, there is sometimes skepticism caused by the lack of substantial proof that evaluates potential toxicities. The interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells of the immune system and their biomolecule pathways are an area of interest for researchers. It is possible to modify NPs so that they are not recognized by the immune system or so that they suppress or stimulate the immune system in a targeted manner. In this review, we look at the literature on nanomaterials for immunostimulation and immunosuppression and their impact on how changing the physicochemical features of the particles could alter their interactions with immune cells for the better or for the worse (immunotoxicity). We also look into whether the NPs have a unique or unexpected (but desired) effect on the immune system, and whether the surface grafting of polymers or surface coatings makes stealth nanomaterials that the immune system cannot find and get rid of. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:42:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d9641855ffb4742b3f0ea3da360cab4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:42:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d9641855ffb4742b3f0ea3da360cab42023-11-16T16:50:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01243200810.3390/ijms24032008Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune SystemAlaa A. Aljabali0Mohammad A. Obeid1Rasha M. Bashatwah2Ángel Serrano-Aroca3Vijay Mishra4Yachana Mishra5Mohamed El-Tanani6Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić7Deepak N. Kapoor8Rohit Goyal9Gowhar A. Naikoo10Murtaza M. Tambuwala11Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, JordanFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, JordanFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, JordanBiomaterials and Bioengineering Lab., Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, SpainSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, IndiaPharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, JordanDepartment of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka Cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah PC 211, OmanLincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UKNanomaterials have been the focus of intensive development and research in the medical and industrial sectors over the past several decades. Some studies have found that these compounds can have a detrimental impact on living organisms, including their cellular components. Despite the obvious advantages of using nanomaterials in a wide range of applications, there is sometimes skepticism caused by the lack of substantial proof that evaluates potential toxicities. The interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells of the immune system and their biomolecule pathways are an area of interest for researchers. It is possible to modify NPs so that they are not recognized by the immune system or so that they suppress or stimulate the immune system in a targeted manner. In this review, we look at the literature on nanomaterials for immunostimulation and immunosuppression and their impact on how changing the physicochemical features of the particles could alter their interactions with immune cells for the better or for the worse (immunotoxicity). We also look into whether the NPs have a unique or unexpected (but desired) effect on the immune system, and whether the surface grafting of polymers or surface coatings makes stealth nanomaterials that the immune system cannot find and get rid of.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2008cytotoxicityoxidative stressreactive oxygen speciesnanomaterialsimmune system |
| spellingShingle | Alaa A. Aljabali Mohammad A. Obeid Rasha M. Bashatwah Ángel Serrano-Aroca Vijay Mishra Yachana Mishra Mohamed El-Tanani Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić Deepak N. Kapoor Rohit Goyal Gowhar A. Naikoo Murtaza M. Tambuwala Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System International Journal of Molecular Sciences cytotoxicity oxidative stress reactive oxygen species nanomaterials immune system |
| title | Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System |
| title_full | Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System |
| title_fullStr | Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System |
| title_short | Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System |
| title_sort | nanomaterials and their impact on the immune system |
| topic | cytotoxicity oxidative stress reactive oxygen species nanomaterials immune system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/2008 |
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