Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes
Desalination of sea or brackish water sources to provide clean water supplies has now become a feasible option around the world. Escalating global populations have caused the surge of desalination applications. Desalination processes are energy intensive which results in a significant energy portfol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-06-01
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| Series: | ChemEngineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/2/2/28 |
| _version_ | 1811322949623349248 |
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| author | Veera Gnaneswar Gude |
| author_facet | Veera Gnaneswar Gude |
| author_sort | Veera Gnaneswar Gude |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Desalination of sea or brackish water sources to provide clean water supplies has now become a feasible option around the world. Escalating global populations have caused the surge of desalination applications. Desalination processes are energy intensive which results in a significant energy portfolio and associated environmental pollution for many communities. Both electrical and heat energy required for desalination processes have been reduced significantly over the recent years. However, the energy demands are still high and are expected to grow sharply with increasing population. Desalination technologies utilize various forms of energy to produce freshwater. While the process efficiency can be reported by the first law of thermodynamic analysis, this is not a true measure of the process performance as it does not account for all losses of energy. Accordingly, the second law of thermodynamics has been more useful to evaluate the performance of desalination systems. The second law of thermodynamics (exergy analysis) accounts for the available forms of energy in the process streams and energy sources with a reference environment and identifies the major losses of exergy destruction. This aids in developing efficient desalination processes by eliminating the hidden losses. This paper elaborates on exergy analysis of desalination processes to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of major components and process streams and identifies suitable operating conditions to minimize exergy destruction. Well-established MSF, MED, MED-TVC, RO, solar distillation, and membrane distillation technologies were discussed with case studies to illustrate the exergy performances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:45:18Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1d97607c960b411cb3babbf2c194cfae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-7084 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:45:18Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ChemEngineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d97607c960b411cb3babbf2c194cfae2022-12-22T02:44:30ZengMDPI AGChemEngineering2305-70842018-06-01222810.3390/chemengineering2020028chemengineering2020028Exergy Evaluation of Desalination ProcessesVeera Gnaneswar Gude0Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USADesalination of sea or brackish water sources to provide clean water supplies has now become a feasible option around the world. Escalating global populations have caused the surge of desalination applications. Desalination processes are energy intensive which results in a significant energy portfolio and associated environmental pollution for many communities. Both electrical and heat energy required for desalination processes have been reduced significantly over the recent years. However, the energy demands are still high and are expected to grow sharply with increasing population. Desalination technologies utilize various forms of energy to produce freshwater. While the process efficiency can be reported by the first law of thermodynamic analysis, this is not a true measure of the process performance as it does not account for all losses of energy. Accordingly, the second law of thermodynamics has been more useful to evaluate the performance of desalination systems. The second law of thermodynamics (exergy analysis) accounts for the available forms of energy in the process streams and energy sources with a reference environment and identifies the major losses of exergy destruction. This aids in developing efficient desalination processes by eliminating the hidden losses. This paper elaborates on exergy analysis of desalination processes to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of major components and process streams and identifies suitable operating conditions to minimize exergy destruction. Well-established MSF, MED, MED-TVC, RO, solar distillation, and membrane distillation technologies were discussed with case studies to illustrate the exergy performances.http://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/2/2/28desalinationenergyexergyentropyenvironmentsustainability |
| spellingShingle | Veera Gnaneswar Gude Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes ChemEngineering desalination energy exergy entropy environment sustainability |
| title | Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes |
| title_full | Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes |
| title_fullStr | Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes |
| title_short | Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes |
| title_sort | exergy evaluation of desalination processes |
| topic | desalination energy exergy entropy environment sustainability |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2305-7084/2/2/28 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT veeragnaneswargude exergyevaluationofdesalinationprocesses |