Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA
Even though the influence of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples by fused filament fabrication is established in the literature, very little is known about mechanical and electrical coupling. In this study, electrically conductive polylactic acid filled with car...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/5/1047 |
| _version_ | 1797264201697198080 |
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| author | Laurane Roumy Thuy-Quynh Truong-Hoang Fabienne Touchard Colin Robert Francisca Martinez-Hergueta |
| author_facet | Laurane Roumy Thuy-Quynh Truong-Hoang Fabienne Touchard Colin Robert Francisca Martinez-Hergueta |
| author_sort | Laurane Roumy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Even though the influence of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples by fused filament fabrication is established in the literature, very little is known about mechanical and electrical coupling. In this study, electrically conductive polylactic acid filled with carbon black particles undergoes monotonic and repeated progressive tensile loading to better understand the influence of the printing direction on the electro-mechanical properties of three-dimensional-printed samples. The objective is to analyse the electro-mechanical behaviour of this composite for its potential application as an actuator. The classical laminate theory is also applied to evaluate the relevance of this theory in predicting the mechanical characteristics of this material. In addition, a comprehensive damage analysis is performed using acoustic emission, infrared thermography, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Results show that the degradation of the mechanical and electrical properties is highly influenced by the printing direction. The appearance and development of crazes in 0° filaments are highlighted and quantified. The conclusions drawn by this study underline the interest in using longitudinal and unidirectional printing directions to improve the conductive path within the samples. Furthermore, the evolution of the resistance throughout the experiments emphasizes the need to control the implemented voltage in the design of future electro-thermally triggered actuators. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:25:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d9aac0c7f4c43f1a480b0659484d601 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:25:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d9aac0c7f4c43f1a480b0659484d6012024-03-12T16:49:04ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-02-01175104710.3390/ma17051047Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLALaurane Roumy0Thuy-Quynh Truong-Hoang1Fabienne Touchard2Colin Robert3Francisca Martinez-Hergueta4Département Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux, Institut Pprime, CNRS-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers, ENSMA, 1 Av. C. Ader, B.P. 40109, 86961 Futuroscope, FranceESTACA’Lab-Laval, ESTACA, 53000 Laval, FranceDépartement Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux, Institut Pprime, CNRS-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers, ENSMA, 1 Av. C. Ader, B.P. 40109, 86961 Futuroscope, FranceInstitute for Materials and Processes, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UKInstitute for Infrastructures and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UKEven though the influence of the printing direction on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed samples by fused filament fabrication is established in the literature, very little is known about mechanical and electrical coupling. In this study, electrically conductive polylactic acid filled with carbon black particles undergoes monotonic and repeated progressive tensile loading to better understand the influence of the printing direction on the electro-mechanical properties of three-dimensional-printed samples. The objective is to analyse the electro-mechanical behaviour of this composite for its potential application as an actuator. The classical laminate theory is also applied to evaluate the relevance of this theory in predicting the mechanical characteristics of this material. In addition, a comprehensive damage analysis is performed using acoustic emission, infrared thermography, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. Results show that the degradation of the mechanical and electrical properties is highly influenced by the printing direction. The appearance and development of crazes in 0° filaments are highlighted and quantified. The conclusions drawn by this study underline the interest in using longitudinal and unidirectional printing directions to improve the conductive path within the samples. Furthermore, the evolution of the resistance throughout the experiments emphasizes the need to control the implemented voltage in the design of future electro-thermally triggered actuators.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/5/1047additive manufacturing4D printingtensile testresistivitycrazerepeated progressive tensile test |
| spellingShingle | Laurane Roumy Thuy-Quynh Truong-Hoang Fabienne Touchard Colin Robert Francisca Martinez-Hergueta Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA Materials additive manufacturing 4D printing tensile test resistivity craze repeated progressive tensile test |
| title | Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA |
| title_full | Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA |
| title_fullStr | Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA |
| title_short | Electro-Mechanical Characterisation and Damage Monitoring by Acoustic Emission of 3D-Printed CB/PLA |
| title_sort | electro mechanical characterisation and damage monitoring by acoustic emission of 3d printed cb pla |
| topic | additive manufacturing 4D printing tensile test resistivity craze repeated progressive tensile test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/5/1047 |
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