Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task
Abstract Schizophrenia patients make more errors and have longer reaction times (RTs) than healthy controls in most cognitive tasks. Deficits are also observed in subclinical participants having high scores on the schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ). They are accompanied by smaller amplitude...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Schizophrenia |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-023-00394-5 |
| _version_ | 1827710460361703424 |
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| author | Mingyi Diao Ilya Demchenko Gifty Asare Jingyan Quan J. Bruno Debruille |
| author_facet | Mingyi Diao Ilya Demchenko Gifty Asare Jingyan Quan J. Bruno Debruille |
| author_sort | Mingyi Diao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Schizophrenia patients make more errors and have longer reaction times (RTs) than healthy controls in most cognitive tasks. Deficits are also observed in subclinical participants having high scores on the schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ). They are accompanied by smaller amplitudes of the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) that index attention and semantic- and working-memory. These functions are thus thought to be impaired in individuals having various schizophrenia attributes (SzAs). Nevertheless, normal RTs were recently found in SzAs during a particular self-referential task where half of the stimuli were names of extraordinary social roles (e.g., genius). Each name (ordinary or extraordinary) was presented individually, and participants were asked to decide whether or not they would consider themselves performing the role at any moment of their lives. To further test an absence of cognitive deficits in this task, the ERPs elicited by names of social roles were also examined in 175 healthy participants. The absence of longer RTs in high- than in low-SPQs was replicated. Moreover, the ERPs of high SPQs had larger occipital N1s, larger P2s and larger occipital N400s than those of low SPQs while late positive potentials (LPPs) were of similar amplitudes. Such results are consistent with clinical observations of greater attention and faster processing of stimuli related to extraordinary/delusional beliefs. Further studies should test whether the cognitive deficits found in SzAs are due to the use of tasks and stimuli that are less within their focus of interest than within that of healthy controls. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:38:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d9b6ef90c2b4a03b2a0a65d2c73bd40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2754-6993 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:38:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Schizophrenia |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d9b6ef90c2b4a03b2a0a65d2c73bd402023-11-20T09:46:05ZengNature PortfolioSchizophrenia2754-69932023-09-019111010.1038/s41537-023-00394-5Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role taskMingyi Diao0Ilya Demchenko1Gifty Asare2Jingyan Quan3J. Bruno Debruille4Douglas Mental Health University InstituteDouglas Mental Health University InstituteDouglas Mental Health University InstituteDouglas Mental Health University InstituteDouglas Mental Health University InstituteAbstract Schizophrenia patients make more errors and have longer reaction times (RTs) than healthy controls in most cognitive tasks. Deficits are also observed in subclinical participants having high scores on the schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ). They are accompanied by smaller amplitudes of the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) that index attention and semantic- and working-memory. These functions are thus thought to be impaired in individuals having various schizophrenia attributes (SzAs). Nevertheless, normal RTs were recently found in SzAs during a particular self-referential task where half of the stimuli were names of extraordinary social roles (e.g., genius). Each name (ordinary or extraordinary) was presented individually, and participants were asked to decide whether or not they would consider themselves performing the role at any moment of their lives. To further test an absence of cognitive deficits in this task, the ERPs elicited by names of social roles were also examined in 175 healthy participants. The absence of longer RTs in high- than in low-SPQs was replicated. Moreover, the ERPs of high SPQs had larger occipital N1s, larger P2s and larger occipital N400s than those of low SPQs while late positive potentials (LPPs) were of similar amplitudes. Such results are consistent with clinical observations of greater attention and faster processing of stimuli related to extraordinary/delusional beliefs. Further studies should test whether the cognitive deficits found in SzAs are due to the use of tasks and stimuli that are less within their focus of interest than within that of healthy controls.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-023-00394-5 |
| spellingShingle | Mingyi Diao Ilya Demchenko Gifty Asare Jingyan Quan J. Bruno Debruille Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task Schizophrenia |
| title | Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| title_full | Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| title_fullStr | Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| title_full_unstemmed | Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| title_short | Finding normal-to-better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| title_sort | finding normal to better neurocognitive indexes in individuals with schizotypal traits using a social role task |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-023-00394-5 |
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