Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study
Abstract Background The bacterial load of the human lower respiratory tract is at least several times lower than that of the other parts of the body. This study aimed to identify the bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent whee...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01279-6 |
| _version_ | 1817968871064207360 |
|---|---|
| author | Jiawei Yao Tao Ai Wanmin Xia Yinghong Fan Cheng Xie Lei Zhang |
| author_facet | Jiawei Yao Tao Ai Wanmin Xia Yinghong Fan Cheng Xie Lei Zhang |
| author_sort | Jiawei Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The bacterial load of the human lower respiratory tract is at least several times lower than that of the other parts of the body. This study aimed to identify the bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing compared with those of children with a bronchial foreign body and clarify whether the length of wheezing in infants can contribute to differences in the lower respiratory tract’s bacterial colony structure. Methods We collected specimens of alveolar lavage fluid from 48 infants and children who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and were divided into groups: A1 (multiple wheezing: wheezing more than three times in < 1 month), A2 (persistent wheezing: > 1 month), and B (bronchial foreign body; control group). We analyzed the bacterial community structure of alveolar lavage fluid using high-throughput sequencing. The richness and diversity of the microbial communities were assessed by α and β diversity analyses. Results A total of 6,644 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained based on the Illumina Nova sequencing platform and clustered according to those that met the 97% identity threshold, followed by species annotation of the OTU sequences. In the annotation results, 2,608 (39.25%) OTUs were annotated at the genus level. At the genus level, Sphingomonas and Phyllobacterium were significantly higher in group A1 than in group B. There were significantly more Phyllobacterium in group A2 than in group B. Prevotella, Neisseria, and Haemophilus were higher in group B than in groups A1 and A2. The differences in the between-group α and β diversity analyses were statistically significant. The microbial diversity in groups A1 and A2 was significantly less than that in group B, but there was no statistical difference in bacterial community diversity between groups A1 and A2. Conclusion Recurrent wheezing in infants and children is more likely due to alterations in the overall bacterial microecology and disruption of host respiration and immune homeostasis than the effects of a single bacterium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1d9ed80a8e3a4bb1af1b3a1d0b976126 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1824-7288 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:13:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1d9ed80a8e3a4bb1af1b3a1d0b9761262022-12-22T02:31:46ZengBMCItalian Journal of Pediatrics1824-72882022-07-0148111110.1186/s13052-022-01279-6Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control studyJiawei Yao0Tao Ai1Wanmin Xia2Yinghong Fan3Cheng Xie4Lei Zhang5Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Pediatric Pulmonology, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaAbstract Background The bacterial load of the human lower respiratory tract is at least several times lower than that of the other parts of the body. This study aimed to identify the bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing compared with those of children with a bronchial foreign body and clarify whether the length of wheezing in infants can contribute to differences in the lower respiratory tract’s bacterial colony structure. Methods We collected specimens of alveolar lavage fluid from 48 infants and children who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and were divided into groups: A1 (multiple wheezing: wheezing more than three times in < 1 month), A2 (persistent wheezing: > 1 month), and B (bronchial foreign body; control group). We analyzed the bacterial community structure of alveolar lavage fluid using high-throughput sequencing. The richness and diversity of the microbial communities were assessed by α and β diversity analyses. Results A total of 6,644 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained based on the Illumina Nova sequencing platform and clustered according to those that met the 97% identity threshold, followed by species annotation of the OTU sequences. In the annotation results, 2,608 (39.25%) OTUs were annotated at the genus level. At the genus level, Sphingomonas and Phyllobacterium were significantly higher in group A1 than in group B. There were significantly more Phyllobacterium in group A2 than in group B. Prevotella, Neisseria, and Haemophilus were higher in group B than in groups A1 and A2. The differences in the between-group α and β diversity analyses were statistically significant. The microbial diversity in groups A1 and A2 was significantly less than that in group B, but there was no statistical difference in bacterial community diversity between groups A1 and A2. Conclusion Recurrent wheezing in infants and children is more likely due to alterations in the overall bacterial microecology and disruption of host respiration and immune homeostasis than the effects of a single bacterium.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01279-6MicrobiomeBronchoalveolar lavageChildrenRecurrent wheezing |
| spellingShingle | Jiawei Yao Tao Ai Wanmin Xia Yinghong Fan Cheng Xie Lei Zhang Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study Italian Journal of Pediatrics Microbiome Bronchoalveolar lavage Children Recurrent wheezing |
| title | Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study |
| title_full | Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study |
| title_short | Bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing: a case–control study |
| title_sort | bacterial composition and colony structure of the lower respiratory tract in infants and children with recurrent wheezing a case control study |
| topic | Microbiome Bronchoalveolar lavage Children Recurrent wheezing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01279-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiaweiyao bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy AT taoai bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy AT wanminxia bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy AT yinghongfan bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy AT chengxie bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy AT leizhang bacterialcompositionandcolonystructureofthelowerrespiratorytractininfantsandchildrenwithrecurrentwheezingacasecontrolstudy |