Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst
This study describes the results obtained in the synthesis of a biofuel that avoids the production of glycerol by applying supported KF as alkaline heterogeneous catalyst, to generate two moles of fatty acid methyl esters and one mole of monoglyceride from one mol of triglyceride. In this respect, t...
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2014-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/7/6/3764 |
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| author | Juan Calero Gema Cumplido Diego Luna Enrique D. Sancho Carlos Luna Alejandro Posadillo Felipa M. Bautista Antonio A. Romero Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla |
| author_facet | Juan Calero Gema Cumplido Diego Luna Enrique D. Sancho Carlos Luna Alejandro Posadillo Felipa M. Bautista Antonio A. Romero Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla |
| author_sort | Juan Calero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study describes the results obtained in the synthesis of a biofuel that avoids the production of glycerol by applying supported KF as alkaline heterogeneous catalyst, to generate two moles of fatty acid methyl esters and one mole of monoglyceride from one mol of triglyceride. In this respect, the selective transesterification process of sunflower oil with methanol was carried out with KF (10 wt%) supported on three different solids, Al2O3, ZnO and MgO. The standard experimental conditions employed in the heterogeneous selective methanolysis reaction were: 12 mL of sunflower oil, 2.7 mL of methanol, 0.8 g of catalyst, at 65 °C temperature and one hour of reaction time. In all cases 100% conversion was obtained, with high selectivity values, greater than 90%, and quite suitable viscosity values, 4.5–8.5 cSt. In this way, the best catalytic behavior in the first use was obtained by using Al2O3 as support. However, although in the five consecutive reuses all catalysts exhibited a continuous decrease in their catalytic activities; the lower one was for KF catalyst using MgO as support. In summary, these three KF supported catalysts are very suitable to obtain a new biofuel, similar to conventional biodiesel, applicable to diesel engines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:28:21Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1da10320b179493d89a15e301b895b41 |
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| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:28:21Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-1da10320b179493d89a15e301b895b412022-12-22T04:09:32ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732014-06-01763764378010.3390/en7063764en7063764Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous CatalystJuan Calero0Gema Cumplido1Diego Luna2Enrique D. Sancho3Carlos Luna4Alejandro Posadillo5Felipa M. Bautista6Antonio A. Romero7Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla8Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Severo Ochoa, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainSeneca Green Catalyst S.L., Campus de Rabanales, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, E-14014 Córdoba, SpainLaboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (IACT), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Universidad de Granada, Av. de las Palmeras 4, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, SpainThis study describes the results obtained in the synthesis of a biofuel that avoids the production of glycerol by applying supported KF as alkaline heterogeneous catalyst, to generate two moles of fatty acid methyl esters and one mole of monoglyceride from one mol of triglyceride. In this respect, the selective transesterification process of sunflower oil with methanol was carried out with KF (10 wt%) supported on three different solids, Al2O3, ZnO and MgO. The standard experimental conditions employed in the heterogeneous selective methanolysis reaction were: 12 mL of sunflower oil, 2.7 mL of methanol, 0.8 g of catalyst, at 65 °C temperature and one hour of reaction time. In all cases 100% conversion was obtained, with high selectivity values, greater than 90%, and quite suitable viscosity values, 4.5–8.5 cSt. In this way, the best catalytic behavior in the first use was obtained by using Al2O3 as support. However, although in the five consecutive reuses all catalysts exhibited a continuous decrease in their catalytic activities; the lower one was for KF catalyst using MgO as support. In summary, these three KF supported catalysts are very suitable to obtain a new biofuel, similar to conventional biodiesel, applicable to diesel engines.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/7/6/3764biodieselsunflower oilmethanolysissupported KFmonoacylglycerol |
| spellingShingle | Juan Calero Gema Cumplido Diego Luna Enrique D. Sancho Carlos Luna Alejandro Posadillo Felipa M. Bautista Antonio A. Romero Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst Energies biodiesel sunflower oil methanolysis supported KF monoacylglycerol |
| title | Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst |
| title_full | Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst |
| title_short | Production of a Biofuel that Keeps the Glycerol as a Monoglyceride by Using Supported KF as Heterogeneous Catalyst |
| title_sort | production of a biofuel that keeps the glycerol as a monoglyceride by using supported kf as heterogeneous catalyst |
| topic | biodiesel sunflower oil methanolysis supported KF monoacylglycerol |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/7/6/3764 |
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