Enhanced D retention in RAFM steel caused by D bubbles formed inside Cr-rich surface layer

Enhanced D retention in RAFM steel caused by D bubbles formed inside Cr-rich surface layer

To identify the cause for an enhanced D retention in RAFM (reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic) steels with decreasing incident D fluence, ϕD, CLAM steel samples were exposed to D plasma at a low ϕD ∼ 3 × 1023 m−2 in the PISCES-A linear plasma device. At this low ϕD, a Cr-rich surface layer with...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: D. Nishijima, M. Tokitani, R.P. Doerner, S. Masuzaki, M. Miyamoto, D. Nagata, G.R. Tynan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-12-01
Series:Nuclear Materials and Energy
Subjects:
RAFM steel
Deuterium retention
Bubbles
TEM
EDX
GDOES
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179121001502
Description
Summary:To identify the cause for an enhanced D retention in RAFM (reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic) steels with decreasing incident D fluence, ϕD, CLAM steel samples were exposed to D plasma at a low ϕD ∼ 3 × 1023 m−2 in the PISCES-A linear plasma device. At this low ϕD, a Cr-rich surface layer with a thickness of ∼ 10 nm still remains, confirmed with cross-sectional EDX (energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy) elemental mapping. TEM (transmission electron microscopy) observations of a plasma-exposed surface reveal the formation of D bubbles inside the Cr-rich surface layer, while no D bubbles are seen in an unexposed surface. Furthermore, depth profiling using GDOES (glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy) detects D in the Cr-rich surface layer. These results demonstrate that the D retention at low ϕD is enhanced by D atoms trapped in bubbles created inside the Cr-rich surface layer.
ISSN:2352-1791

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