Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction
This research aimed to develop an effective method for detecting semivolatile earthy-musty odors without using the conventional sample processing equipment used for volatile compounds. The concurrent isolation of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (geosmin, GSM), 2-isopr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023087881 |
| _version_ | 1797429809743134720 |
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| author | Liangliang Tian Xin Qu Dongmei Huang Yongfu Shi Cong Kong Yuan Wang |
| author_facet | Liangliang Tian Xin Qu Dongmei Huang Yongfu Shi Cong Kong Yuan Wang |
| author_sort | Liangliang Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research aimed to develop an effective method for detecting semivolatile earthy-musty odors without using the conventional sample processing equipment used for volatile compounds. The concurrent isolation of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (geosmin, GSM), 2-isopropyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IPMP), and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IBMP) in tap water was successfully achieved by employing a combination of n-hexane liquid‒liquid extraction (LLE) and silica solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized for the identification of these targets, with the inclusion of borneol (BN) as an internal reference. This robust method was optimized and validated. It was found that the method showed good linearity in the range of 0.5–100 ng/mL and produced good recoveries (84.6 %–103 %) with satisfactory relative standard deviations (1.50 %–10.1 %). The determined limits of detection (LODs) for the group of four substances were found to vary from 0.3 to 0.9 ng/L, whereas the limits of quantitation (LOQs) exhibited variations between 1 and 3 ng/L. The subsequent implementation of this methodology to evaluate the four previously described off-flavor chemicals in tap water resulted in satisfactory results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:18:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1db34a7b24a94110b35467867effa5f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:18:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-1db34a7b24a94110b35467867effa5f62023-12-02T07:03:13ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-11-01911e21580Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extractionLiangliang Tian0Xin Qu1Dongmei Huang2Yongfu Shi3Cong Kong4Yuan Wang5East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, ChinaQingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266033, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Corresponding author. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China.This research aimed to develop an effective method for detecting semivolatile earthy-musty odors without using the conventional sample processing equipment used for volatile compounds. The concurrent isolation of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (geosmin, GSM), 2-isopropyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IPMP), and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IBMP) in tap water was successfully achieved by employing a combination of n-hexane liquid‒liquid extraction (LLE) and silica solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized for the identification of these targets, with the inclusion of borneol (BN) as an internal reference. This robust method was optimized and validated. It was found that the method showed good linearity in the range of 0.5–100 ng/mL and produced good recoveries (84.6 %–103 %) with satisfactory relative standard deviations (1.50 %–10.1 %). The determined limits of detection (LODs) for the group of four substances were found to vary from 0.3 to 0.9 ng/L, whereas the limits of quantitation (LOQs) exhibited variations between 1 and 3 ng/L. The subsequent implementation of this methodology to evaluate the four previously described off-flavor chemicals in tap water resulted in satisfactory results.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023087881n-HexaneSilicaEarthy-mustyTap waterGas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) |
| spellingShingle | Liangliang Tian Xin Qu Dongmei Huang Yongfu Shi Cong Kong Yuan Wang Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction Heliyon n-Hexane Silica Earthy-musty Tap water Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) |
| title | Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction |
| title_full | Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction |
| title_fullStr | Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction |
| title_short | Determination of earthy-musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry with silica solid-phase extraction |
| title_sort | determination of earthy musty odors in tap water by gas chromatography mass spectrometry with silica solid phase extraction |
| topic | n-Hexane Silica Earthy-musty Tap water Gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023087881 |
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