A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD
Abstract ADHD has been associated with cortico-striatal dysfunction that may lead to procedural memory abnormalities. Sleep plays a critical role in consolidating procedural memories, and sleep problems are an integral part of the psychopathology of ADHD. This raises the possibility that altered sle...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Publishing Group
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Translational Psychiatry |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02239-8 |
| _version_ | 1811190233294700544 |
|---|---|
| author | Ranin Ballan Simon J. Durrant Robert Stickgold Alexandra Morgan Dara S. Manoach Yafit Gabay |
| author_facet | Ranin Ballan Simon J. Durrant Robert Stickgold Alexandra Morgan Dara S. Manoach Yafit Gabay |
| author_sort | Ranin Ballan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract ADHD has been associated with cortico-striatal dysfunction that may lead to procedural memory abnormalities. Sleep plays a critical role in consolidating procedural memories, and sleep problems are an integral part of the psychopathology of ADHD. This raises the possibility that altered sleep processes characterizing those with ADHD could contribute to their skill-learning impairments. On this basis, the present study tested the hypothesis that young adults with ADHD have altered sleep-dependent procedural memory consolidation. Participants with ADHD and neurotypicals were trained on a visual discrimination task that has been shown to benefit from sleep. Half of the participants were tested after a 12-h break that included nocturnal sleep (sleep condition), whereas the other half were tested after a 12-h daytime break that did not include sleep (wakefulness condition) to assess the specific contribution of sleep to improvement in task performance. Despite having a similar degree of initial learning, participants with ADHD did not improve in the visual discrimination task following a sleep interval compared to neurotypicals, while they were on par with neurotypicals during the wakefulness condition. These findings represent the first demonstration of a failure in sleep-dependent consolidation of procedural learning in young adults with ADHD. Such a failure is likely to disrupt automatic control routines that are normally provided by the non-declarative memory system, thereby increasing the load on attentional resources of individuals with ADHD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:47:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1dd6721efb2a408cb1cf2848cdb917ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2158-3188 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:47:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-1dd6721efb2a408cb1cf2848cdb917ec2022-12-22T04:17:34ZengNature Publishing GroupTranslational Psychiatry2158-31882022-12-011211810.1038/s41398-022-02239-8A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHDRanin Ballan0Simon J. Durrant1Robert Stickgold2Alexandra Morgan3Dara S. Manoach4Yafit Gabay5Department of Special Education, University of HaifaLincoln Sleep Research Centre and School of Psychology, University of LincolnHarvard Medical SchoolHarvard Medical SchoolDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General HospitalDepartment of Special Education, University of HaifaAbstract ADHD has been associated with cortico-striatal dysfunction that may lead to procedural memory abnormalities. Sleep plays a critical role in consolidating procedural memories, and sleep problems are an integral part of the psychopathology of ADHD. This raises the possibility that altered sleep processes characterizing those with ADHD could contribute to their skill-learning impairments. On this basis, the present study tested the hypothesis that young adults with ADHD have altered sleep-dependent procedural memory consolidation. Participants with ADHD and neurotypicals were trained on a visual discrimination task that has been shown to benefit from sleep. Half of the participants were tested after a 12-h break that included nocturnal sleep (sleep condition), whereas the other half were tested after a 12-h daytime break that did not include sleep (wakefulness condition) to assess the specific contribution of sleep to improvement in task performance. Despite having a similar degree of initial learning, participants with ADHD did not improve in the visual discrimination task following a sleep interval compared to neurotypicals, while they were on par with neurotypicals during the wakefulness condition. These findings represent the first demonstration of a failure in sleep-dependent consolidation of procedural learning in young adults with ADHD. Such a failure is likely to disrupt automatic control routines that are normally provided by the non-declarative memory system, thereby increasing the load on attentional resources of individuals with ADHD.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02239-8 |
| spellingShingle | Ranin Ballan Simon J. Durrant Robert Stickgold Alexandra Morgan Dara S. Manoach Yafit Gabay A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD Translational Psychiatry |
| title | A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD |
| title_full | A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD |
| title_fullStr | A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD |
| title_short | A failure of sleep-dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with ADHD |
| title_sort | failure of sleep dependent consolidation of visuoperceptual procedural learning in young adults with adhd |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-02239-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raninballan afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT simonjdurrant afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT robertstickgold afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT alexandramorgan afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT darasmanoach afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT yafitgabay afailureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT raninballan failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT simonjdurrant failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT robertstickgold failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT alexandramorgan failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT darasmanoach failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd AT yafitgabay failureofsleepdependentconsolidationofvisuoperceptualprocedurallearninginyoungadultswithadhd |