Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils
Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder with high prevalence, and the delayed onset of antidepressant effects remains a limitation in the treatment of depression. This study aimed to screen essential oils that have the potential for rapid-acting antidepressant development. PC12 and BV2 cells we...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/5/1248 |
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| author | Khoa Nguyen Tran Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen Ly Thi Huong Nguyen Heung-Mook Shin In-Jun Yang |
| author_facet | Khoa Nguyen Tran Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen Ly Thi Huong Nguyen Heung-Mook Shin In-Jun Yang |
| author_sort | Khoa Nguyen Tran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder with high prevalence, and the delayed onset of antidepressant effects remains a limitation in the treatment of depression. This study aimed to screen essential oils that have the potential for rapid-acting antidepressant development. PC12 and BV2 cells were used to identify essential oils with neuroprotective effects at doses of 0.1 and 1 µg/mL. The resulting candidates were treated intranasally (25 mg/kg) to ICR mice, followed by a tail suspension test (TST) and an elevated plus maze (EPM) after 30 min. In each effective essential oil, five main compounds were computationally analyzed, targeting glutamate receptor subunits. As a result, 19 essential oils significantly abolished corticosterone (CORT)-induced cell death and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and 13 reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). From in vivo experiments, six essential oils decreased the immobility time of mice in the TST, in which <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat. and <i>Myristica fragrans</i> Houtt. also increased time and entries into the open arms of the EPM. Four compounds including atractylon, α-curcumene, α-farnesene, and selina-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one had an affinity toward GluN1, GluN2B, and Glu2A receptor subunits surpassed that of the reference compound ketamine. Overall, <i>Atractylodes lancea</i> (Thunb.) DC and <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat essential oils are worthy of further research for fast-acting antidepressants through interactions with glutamate receptors, and their main compounds (atractylon, α-curcumene, α-farnesene, and selina-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one) are predicted to underlie the fast-acting effect. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:25Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-1dd67ffedb164ba39b6f837c9af5d5462023-11-18T00:34:13ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-04-01115124810.3390/biomedicines11051248Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential OilsKhoa Nguyen Tran0Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen1Ly Thi Huong Nguyen2Heung-Mook Shin3In-Jun Yang4Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of KoreaDepression is a serious psychiatric disorder with high prevalence, and the delayed onset of antidepressant effects remains a limitation in the treatment of depression. This study aimed to screen essential oils that have the potential for rapid-acting antidepressant development. PC12 and BV2 cells were used to identify essential oils with neuroprotective effects at doses of 0.1 and 1 µg/mL. The resulting candidates were treated intranasally (25 mg/kg) to ICR mice, followed by a tail suspension test (TST) and an elevated plus maze (EPM) after 30 min. In each effective essential oil, five main compounds were computationally analyzed, targeting glutamate receptor subunits. As a result, 19 essential oils significantly abolished corticosterone (CORT)-induced cell death and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, and 13 reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). From in vivo experiments, six essential oils decreased the immobility time of mice in the TST, in which <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat. and <i>Myristica fragrans</i> Houtt. also increased time and entries into the open arms of the EPM. Four compounds including atractylon, α-curcumene, α-farnesene, and selina-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one had an affinity toward GluN1, GluN2B, and Glu2A receptor subunits surpassed that of the reference compound ketamine. Overall, <i>Atractylodes lancea</i> (Thunb.) DC and <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat essential oils are worthy of further research for fast-acting antidepressants through interactions with glutamate receptors, and their main compounds (atractylon, α-curcumene, α-farnesene, and selina-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one) are predicted to underlie the fast-acting effect.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/5/1248depressionanxietyrapid-acting effectessential oilglutamateneurotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Khoa Nguyen Tran Nhi Phuc Khanh Nguyen Ly Thi Huong Nguyen Heung-Mook Shin In-Jun Yang Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils Biomedicines depression anxiety rapid-acting effect essential oil glutamate neurotoxicity |
| title | Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils |
| title_full | Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils |
| title_fullStr | Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils |
| title_short | Screening for Neuroprotective and Rapid Antidepressant-like Effects of 20 Essential Oils |
| title_sort | screening for neuroprotective and rapid antidepressant like effects of 20 essential oils |
| topic | depression anxiety rapid-acting effect essential oil glutamate neurotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/5/1248 |
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