Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions
The dynamics of water and salt in soil were monitored in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons of cotton to evaluate the salinity risk of soil under drip irrigation in arid environments for different management practices of drip system uniformity and irrigation amount. In the experiments, three Christia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2013-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209531191360310X |
| _version_ | 1818892793521635328 |
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| author | Hong-jie GUAN Jiu-sheng LI Yan-feng LI |
| author_facet | Hong-jie GUAN Jiu-sheng LI Yan-feng LI |
| author_sort | Hong-jie GUAN |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dynamics of water and salt in soil were monitored in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons of cotton to evaluate the salinity risk of soil under drip irrigation in arid environments for different management practices of drip system uniformity and irrigation amount. In the experiments, three Christiansen uniformity coefficients (CU) of approximately 65, 80, and 95% (referred to as low, medium, and high uniformity, respectively) and three irrigation amounts of 50, 75, and 100% of full irrigation were used. The distribution of the soil water content and bulk electrical conductivity (ECb) was monitored continuously with approximately equally spaced frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensors located along a dripline. Gravimetric samples of soil were collected regularly to determine the distribution of soil salinity. A great fluctuation in CU of water content and ECb at 60 cm depth was observed for the low uniformity treatment during the irrigation season, while a relatively stable variation pattern was observed for the high uniformity treatment. The ECb CU was substantially lower than the water content CU and its value was greatly related to the water content CU and the initial ECb CU. The spatial variation of seasonal mean soil water content and seasonal mean soil bulk electrical conductivity showed a high dependence on the variation pattern of emitter discharge rate along a dripline for the low and medium uniformity treatments. A greater irrigation amount produced a significantly lower soil salinity at the end of the irrigation season, while the influence of the system uniformity on the soil salinity was insignificant at a probability level of 0.1. In arid regions, the determination of the target drip irrigation system uniformity should consider the potential salinity risk of soil caused by nonuniform water application as the influence of the system uniformity on the distribution of the soil salinity was progressively strengthened during the growing season of crop. |
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| id | doaj.art-1de3beb4341e4fb3b5fa668e9cf8df79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-3119 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T18:02:21Z |
| publishDate | 2013-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Integrative Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-1de3beb4341e4fb3b5fa668e9cf8df792022-12-21T20:11:35ZengElsevierJournal of Integrative Agriculture2095-31192013-05-01125924939Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid ConditionsHong-jie GUAN0Jiu-sheng LI1Yan-feng LI2State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P.R. China; National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research-Beijing, Beijing 100048, P.R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P.R. China; National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research-Beijing, Beijing 100048, P.R. China; Correspondence LI Jiu-sheng, Tel: +86-10-68786545State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P.R. China; National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research-Beijing, Beijing 100048, P.R. ChinaThe dynamics of water and salt in soil were monitored in the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons of cotton to evaluate the salinity risk of soil under drip irrigation in arid environments for different management practices of drip system uniformity and irrigation amount. In the experiments, three Christiansen uniformity coefficients (CU) of approximately 65, 80, and 95% (referred to as low, medium, and high uniformity, respectively) and three irrigation amounts of 50, 75, and 100% of full irrigation were used. The distribution of the soil water content and bulk electrical conductivity (ECb) was monitored continuously with approximately equally spaced frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensors located along a dripline. Gravimetric samples of soil were collected regularly to determine the distribution of soil salinity. A great fluctuation in CU of water content and ECb at 60 cm depth was observed for the low uniformity treatment during the irrigation season, while a relatively stable variation pattern was observed for the high uniformity treatment. The ECb CU was substantially lower than the water content CU and its value was greatly related to the water content CU and the initial ECb CU. The spatial variation of seasonal mean soil water content and seasonal mean soil bulk electrical conductivity showed a high dependence on the variation pattern of emitter discharge rate along a dripline for the low and medium uniformity treatments. A greater irrigation amount produced a significantly lower soil salinity at the end of the irrigation season, while the influence of the system uniformity on the soil salinity was insignificant at a probability level of 0.1. In arid regions, the determination of the target drip irrigation system uniformity should consider the potential salinity risk of soil caused by nonuniform water application as the influence of the system uniformity on the distribution of the soil salinity was progressively strengthened during the growing season of crop.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209531191360310Xdrip irrigationuniformitysoil water contentsoil bulk electrical conductivitysoil salinity |
| spellingShingle | Hong-jie GUAN Jiu-sheng LI Yan-feng LI Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions Journal of Integrative Agriculture drip irrigation uniformity soil water content soil bulk electrical conductivity soil salinity |
| title | Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions |
| title_full | Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions |
| title_short | Effects of Drip System Uniformity and Irrigation Amount on Water and Salt Distributions in Soil Under Arid Conditions |
| title_sort | effects of drip system uniformity and irrigation amount on water and salt distributions in soil under arid conditions |
| topic | drip irrigation uniformity soil water content soil bulk electrical conductivity soil salinity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209531191360310X |
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