Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018)
Few studies have examined the secular trend of energy intake distribution. This study aims to describe trajectories of energy intake distribution and determine their association with dyslipidemia risk. Data of 2843 adult participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed. T...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3488 |
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| author | Xiaoyun Song Huijun Wang Chang Su Zhihong Wang Wenwen Du Feifei Huang Jiguo Zhang Xiaofang Jia Hongru Jiang Yifei Ouyang Li Li Jing Bai Xiaofan Zhang Gangqiang Ding Bing Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiaoyun Song Huijun Wang Chang Su Zhihong Wang Wenwen Du Feifei Huang Jiguo Zhang Xiaofang Jia Hongru Jiang Yifei Ouyang Li Li Jing Bai Xiaofan Zhang Gangqiang Ding Bing Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiaoyun Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Few studies have examined the secular trend of energy intake distribution. This study aims to describe trajectories of energy intake distribution and determine their association with dyslipidemia risk. Data of 2843 adult participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed. Trajectory groups of energy intake distribution were identified by multi-trajectory model over 27 years. Multilevel mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance was used to calculate risk ratio for incident dyslipidemia in a 9-year follow-up. Four trajectory groups were identified: “Energy evenly distributed group” (Group 1), “Lunch and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 2), “Dinner energy dominant group” (Group 3), “breakfast and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 4). Compared with Group 1, Group 3 was associated with higher risk of dyslipidemia (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.75), hypercholesterolemia (RR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.37, 2.81) and high low-density lipoproteins cholesterols (LDL-C) (RR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.82, 3.20). A U-shape was observed between cumulative average proportion of dinner energy and dyslipidemia risk (<i>p</i> for non-linear = 0.01), with stronger relationship at 40% and above. Energy intake distribution characterized by higher proportion of dinner energy, especially over 40% was associated with higher dyslipidemia risk in Chinese adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:17:56Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:17:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-1dfe020a835f4e63969b52f21b6da8a42023-11-22T19:29:19ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-10-011310348810.3390/nu13103488Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018)Xiaoyun Song0Huijun Wang1Chang Su2Zhihong Wang3Wenwen Du4Feifei Huang5Jiguo Zhang6Xiaofang Jia7Hongru Jiang8Yifei Ouyang9Li Li10Jing Bai11Xiaofan Zhang12Gangqiang Ding13Bing Zhang14Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, ChinaFew studies have examined the secular trend of energy intake distribution. This study aims to describe trajectories of energy intake distribution and determine their association with dyslipidemia risk. Data of 2843 adult participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed. Trajectory groups of energy intake distribution were identified by multi-trajectory model over 27 years. Multilevel mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance was used to calculate risk ratio for incident dyslipidemia in a 9-year follow-up. Four trajectory groups were identified: “Energy evenly distributed group” (Group 1), “Lunch and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 2), “Dinner energy dominant group” (Group 3), “breakfast and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 4). Compared with Group 1, Group 3 was associated with higher risk of dyslipidemia (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.75), hypercholesterolemia (RR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.37, 2.81) and high low-density lipoproteins cholesterols (LDL-C) (RR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.82, 3.20). A U-shape was observed between cumulative average proportion of dinner energy and dyslipidemia risk (<i>p</i> for non-linear = 0.01), with stronger relationship at 40% and above. Energy intake distribution characterized by higher proportion of dinner energy, especially over 40% was associated with higher dyslipidemia risk in Chinese adults.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3488energy intakedyslipidemiamulti-trajectory modelcohort |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoyun Song Huijun Wang Chang Su Zhihong Wang Wenwen Du Feifei Huang Jiguo Zhang Xiaofang Jia Hongru Jiang Yifei Ouyang Li Li Jing Bai Xiaofan Zhang Gangqiang Ding Bing Zhang Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) Nutrients energy intake dyslipidemia multi-trajectory model cohort |
| title | Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) |
| title_full | Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) |
| title_fullStr | Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) |
| title_short | Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018) |
| title_sort | trajectories of energy intake distribution and risk of dyslipidemia findings from the china health and nutrition survey 1991 2018 |
| topic | energy intake dyslipidemia multi-trajectory model cohort |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/10/3488 |
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