Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing
Deep groove ball bearings (DGBBs) are extensively utilized in industrial machinery, mechanical systems, and household appliances due to their simple design, low maintenance, and ability to operate at high speeds. A critical issue in the performance of these bearings is the power loss by internal fri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Lubricants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/443 |
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| author | Harsh Kumar Vaibhav Gupta Velamala Bharath Mayank Tiwari Surajit Kumar Paul Lokesh Agrawal Arendra Pal Singh Ayush Jain |
| author_facet | Harsh Kumar Vaibhav Gupta Velamala Bharath Mayank Tiwari Surajit Kumar Paul Lokesh Agrawal Arendra Pal Singh Ayush Jain |
| author_sort | Harsh Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep groove ball bearings (DGBBs) are extensively utilized in industrial machinery, mechanical systems, and household appliances due to their simple design, low maintenance, and ability to operate at high speeds. A critical issue in the performance of these bearings is the power loss by internal friction torque, which adversely affects system efficiency, longevity, and reliability, particularly in demanding applications such as aviation and marine systems. The friction torque in DGBBs is influenced by factors such as load, speed, surface roughness, and lubricant viscosity, making the precise understanding of these elements essential for optimizing system efficiency. Despite its significance, the effect of surface roughness on friction torque in DGBBs remains underexplored. This paper presents an analytical model to evaluate the frictional moments resulting from interactions between the ball–race and ball–cage in lubricated, low-speed DGBBs. This model employs a mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication approach to determine the friction coefficient at the contact interfaces. This study explores how surface roughness and speed affect both ball–race and ball–cage friction torque, offering a comprehensive analysis of their influence on overall frictional torque. Additionally, the effect of surface roughness on ball–cage contact forces is investigated, enhancing the understanding of its contribution to friction torque. These insights aim to improve DGBB design and operation, maximizing performance and energy efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-17T12:14:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e13296983854cc995b6326a986a561a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4442 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-17T12:14:24Z |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Lubricants |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e13296983854cc995b6326a986a561a2024-12-27T14:36:50ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422024-12-01121244310.3390/lubricants12120443Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball BearingHarsh Kumar0Vaibhav Gupta1Velamala Bharath2Mayank Tiwari3Surajit Kumar Paul4Lokesh Agrawal5Arendra Pal Singh6Ayush Jain7Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801106, IndiaMechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801106, IndiaMechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801106, IndiaMechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kanjikode 678623, IndiaMechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801106, IndiaR&D, National Engineering Industries Ltd., Jaipur 302006, IndiaR&D, National Engineering Industries Ltd., Jaipur 302006, IndiaR&D, National Engineering Industries Ltd., Jaipur 302006, IndiaDeep groove ball bearings (DGBBs) are extensively utilized in industrial machinery, mechanical systems, and household appliances due to their simple design, low maintenance, and ability to operate at high speeds. A critical issue in the performance of these bearings is the power loss by internal friction torque, which adversely affects system efficiency, longevity, and reliability, particularly in demanding applications such as aviation and marine systems. The friction torque in DGBBs is influenced by factors such as load, speed, surface roughness, and lubricant viscosity, making the precise understanding of these elements essential for optimizing system efficiency. Despite its significance, the effect of surface roughness on friction torque in DGBBs remains underexplored. This paper presents an analytical model to evaluate the frictional moments resulting from interactions between the ball–race and ball–cage in lubricated, low-speed DGBBs. This model employs a mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication approach to determine the friction coefficient at the contact interfaces. This study explores how surface roughness and speed affect both ball–race and ball–cage friction torque, offering a comprehensive analysis of their influence on overall frictional torque. Additionally, the effect of surface roughness on ball–cage contact forces is investigated, enhancing the understanding of its contribution to friction torque. These insights aim to improve DGBB design and operation, maximizing performance and energy efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/443ball bearingsfriction torquemixed elastohydrodynamic lubricationsurface roughness |
| spellingShingle | Harsh Kumar Vaibhav Gupta Velamala Bharath Mayank Tiwari Surajit Kumar Paul Lokesh Agrawal Arendra Pal Singh Ayush Jain Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing Lubricants ball bearings friction torque mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication surface roughness |
| title | Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing |
| title_full | Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing |
| title_short | Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing |
| title_sort | effect of surface roughness on the friction moment in a lubricated deep groove ball bearing |
| topic | ball bearings friction torque mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication surface roughness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/12/12/443 |
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