Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter
Air pollution of anthropogenic origin is largely from the combustion of biomass (e.g., wood), fossil fuels (e.g., cars and trucks), incinerators, landfills, agricultural activities and tobacco smoke. Air pollution is a complex mixture that varies in space and time, and contains hundreds of compounds...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/243 |
| _version_ | 1811238232541626368 |
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| author | Hussein Traboulsi Necola Guerrina Matthew Iu Dusica Maysinger Parisa Ariya Carolyn J. Baglole |
| author_facet | Hussein Traboulsi Necola Guerrina Matthew Iu Dusica Maysinger Parisa Ariya Carolyn J. Baglole |
| author_sort | Hussein Traboulsi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Air pollution of anthropogenic origin is largely from the combustion of biomass (e.g., wood), fossil fuels (e.g., cars and trucks), incinerators, landfills, agricultural activities and tobacco smoke. Air pollution is a complex mixture that varies in space and time, and contains hundreds of compounds including volatile organic compounds (e.g., benzene), metals, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, ozone and particulate matter (PM). PM0.1 (ultrafine particles (UFP)), those particles with a diameter less than 100 nm (includes nanoparticles (NP)) are considered especially dangerous to human health and may contribute significantly to the development of numerous respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis. Some of the pathogenic mechanisms through which PM0.1 may contribute to chronic disease is their ability to induce inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death by molecular mechanisms that include transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Epigenetic mechanisms including non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may also contribute towards the development of chronic disease associated with exposure to PM0.1. This paper highlights emerging molecular concepts associated with inhalational exposure to PM0.1 and their ability to contribute to chronic respiratory and systemic disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:38:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e1453a0329c46b59b4063fd5091f1ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:38:13Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e1453a0329c46b59b4063fd5091f1ab2022-12-22T03:32:50ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672017-01-0118224310.3390/ijms18020243ijms18020243Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate MatterHussein Traboulsi0Necola Guerrina1Matthew Iu2Dusica Maysinger3Parisa Ariya4Carolyn J. Baglole5Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, CanadaDepartment of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, CanadaDepartment of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2K6, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, CanadaAir pollution of anthropogenic origin is largely from the combustion of biomass (e.g., wood), fossil fuels (e.g., cars and trucks), incinerators, landfills, agricultural activities and tobacco smoke. Air pollution is a complex mixture that varies in space and time, and contains hundreds of compounds including volatile organic compounds (e.g., benzene), metals, sulphur and nitrogen oxides, ozone and particulate matter (PM). PM0.1 (ultrafine particles (UFP)), those particles with a diameter less than 100 nm (includes nanoparticles (NP)) are considered especially dangerous to human health and may contribute significantly to the development of numerous respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and atherosclerosis. Some of the pathogenic mechanisms through which PM0.1 may contribute to chronic disease is their ability to induce inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death by molecular mechanisms that include transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Epigenetic mechanisms including non-coding RNA (ncRNA) may also contribute towards the development of chronic disease associated with exposure to PM0.1. This paper highlights emerging molecular concepts associated with inhalational exposure to PM0.1 and their ability to contribute to chronic respiratory and systemic disease.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/243air pollutionepigeneticschronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseparticulate matteraryl hydrocarbon receptornuclear factor-κB |
| spellingShingle | Hussein Traboulsi Necola Guerrina Matthew Iu Dusica Maysinger Parisa Ariya Carolyn J. Baglole Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter International Journal of Molecular Sciences air pollution epigenetics chronic obstructive pulmonary disease particulate matter aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear factor-κB |
| title | Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter |
| title_full | Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter |
| title_fullStr | Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter |
| title_short | Inhaled Pollutants: The Molecular Scene behind Respiratory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Ultrafine Particulate Matter |
| title_sort | inhaled pollutants the molecular scene behind respiratory and systemic diseases associated with ultrafine particulate matter |
| topic | air pollution epigenetics chronic obstructive pulmonary disease particulate matter aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear factor-κB |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/243 |
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