The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China
Southeast Asia is one of the largest biomass burning (BB) regions in the world, and the air pollutants generated by this BB have an important impact on air pollution in southern China. However, the mechanism of the cross-border transport of BB pollutants to neighboring regions is yet to be understoo...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1886 |
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| author | Qingjian Yang Tianliang Zhao Zhijie Tian Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Jiacheng Chang Weiyang Hu Zhuozhi Shu Jun Hu |
| author_facet | Qingjian Yang Tianliang Zhao Zhijie Tian Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Jiacheng Chang Weiyang Hu Zhuozhi Shu Jun Hu |
| author_sort | Qingjian Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Southeast Asia is one of the largest biomass burning (BB) regions in the world, and the air pollutants generated by this BB have an important impact on air pollution in southern China. However, the mechanism of the cross-border transport of BB pollutants to neighboring regions is yet to be understood. Based on the MODIS remote sensing products and conventional observation data of meteorology and the environment, the WRF-Chem and FLEXPART-WRF models were used to simulate a typical PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution episode that occurred during 24–26 March 2017 to analyze the mechanism of cross-border transport of BB pollutants over Yunnan Plateau (YP) in southwest China. During this air pollution episode, in conjunction with the flourishing BB activities over the neighboring Indo-China Peninsula (ICP) regions in Southeast Asia, and driven by the southwesterly winds prevailing from the ICP to YP, the cross-border transport of pollutants was observed along the transport pathway with the lifting plateau topography in YP. Based on the proximity to the BB sources in ICP, YP was divided into a source region (SR) and a receptor region (RR) for the cross-border transport, and the negative and positive correlation coefficients (R) between PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations and wind speeds, respectively, were presented, indicating the different impacts of BB emissions on the two regions. XSBN and Kunming, the representative SR and RR sites in the border and hinterland of YP, respectively, have distinct mechanisms that enhance PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations of air pollution. The SR site is mainly affected by the ICP BB emissions with local accumulation in the stagnant meteorological conditions, whereas the RR site is dominated by the regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> with strong winds and vertical mixing. It was revealed that the large PM<sub>2.5</sub> contributions of ICP BB emissions lift from the lower altitudes in SR to the higher altitudes in RR for the regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Moreover, the contributions of regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> decrease with the increase in transport distance, reflecting an important role of transport distance between the source–receptor areas in air pollution change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:29:50Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:29:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e1a355925e942dcb99c36aaa8e8b8102023-12-01T21:22:08ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-04-01148188610.3390/rs14081886The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest ChinaQingjian Yang0Tianliang Zhao1Zhijie Tian2Kanike Raghavendra Kumar3Jiacheng Chang4Weiyang Hu5Zhuozhi Shu6Jun Hu7Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaChina Institute for Radiation Protection, Taiyuan 030006, ChinaDepartment of Physics, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaSchool of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse and School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing 210023, ChinaKey Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaFujian Academy of Environmental Sciences, Fuzhou 350011, ChinaSoutheast Asia is one of the largest biomass burning (BB) regions in the world, and the air pollutants generated by this BB have an important impact on air pollution in southern China. However, the mechanism of the cross-border transport of BB pollutants to neighboring regions is yet to be understood. Based on the MODIS remote sensing products and conventional observation data of meteorology and the environment, the WRF-Chem and FLEXPART-WRF models were used to simulate a typical PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution episode that occurred during 24–26 March 2017 to analyze the mechanism of cross-border transport of BB pollutants over Yunnan Plateau (YP) in southwest China. During this air pollution episode, in conjunction with the flourishing BB activities over the neighboring Indo-China Peninsula (ICP) regions in Southeast Asia, and driven by the southwesterly winds prevailing from the ICP to YP, the cross-border transport of pollutants was observed along the transport pathway with the lifting plateau topography in YP. Based on the proximity to the BB sources in ICP, YP was divided into a source region (SR) and a receptor region (RR) for the cross-border transport, and the negative and positive correlation coefficients (R) between PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations and wind speeds, respectively, were presented, indicating the different impacts of BB emissions on the two regions. XSBN and Kunming, the representative SR and RR sites in the border and hinterland of YP, respectively, have distinct mechanisms that enhance PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations of air pollution. The SR site is mainly affected by the ICP BB emissions with local accumulation in the stagnant meteorological conditions, whereas the RR site is dominated by the regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> with strong winds and vertical mixing. It was revealed that the large PM<sub>2.5</sub> contributions of ICP BB emissions lift from the lower altitudes in SR to the higher altitudes in RR for the regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Moreover, the contributions of regional transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> decrease with the increase in transport distance, reflecting an important role of transport distance between the source–receptor areas in air pollution change.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1886Yunnan Plateaubiomass burningcross-border transportPM<sub>2.5</sub>WRF-Chem |
| spellingShingle | Qingjian Yang Tianliang Zhao Zhijie Tian Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Jiacheng Chang Weiyang Hu Zhuozhi Shu Jun Hu The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China Remote Sensing Yunnan Plateau biomass burning cross-border transport PM<sub>2.5</sub> WRF-Chem |
| title | The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China |
| title_full | The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China |
| title_fullStr | The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China |
| title_short | The Cross-Border Transport of PM<sub>2.5</sub> from the Southeast Asian Biomass Burning Emissions and Its Impact on Air Pollution in Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China |
| title_sort | cross border transport of pm sub 2 5 sub from the southeast asian biomass burning emissions and its impact on air pollution in yunnan plateau southwest china |
| topic | Yunnan Plateau biomass burning cross-border transport PM<sub>2.5</sub> WRF-Chem |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1886 |
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