Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study
Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are used as additives in plastics and other applications such as curtains and carpets as a replacement for brominated flame retardants. As such, exposure to PFR mixtures is widespread, with children being more vulnerable than adults to associated health risks...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2019-10-01
|
| Series: | Environment International |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019313467 |
| _version_ | 1818422796679643136 |
|---|---|
| author | Yu Ait Bamai Michiel Bastiaensen Atsuko Araki Houman Goudarzi Satoshi Konno Sachiko Ito Chihiro Miyashita Yiming Yao Adrian Covaci Reiko Kishi |
| author_facet | Yu Ait Bamai Michiel Bastiaensen Atsuko Araki Houman Goudarzi Satoshi Konno Sachiko Ito Chihiro Miyashita Yiming Yao Adrian Covaci Reiko Kishi |
| author_sort | Yu Ait Bamai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are used as additives in plastics and other applications such as curtains and carpets as a replacement for brominated flame retardants. As such, exposure to PFR mixtures is widespread, with children being more vulnerable than adults to associated health risks such as allergies and inflammation. Oxidative stress is thought to be able to modulate the development of childhood airway inflammation and atopic dermatitis. To evaluate these associations, the present study investigated the relationship between urinary PFR metabolites, their mixtures and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in children as part of the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health. The levels of the oxidative stress biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), hexanoyl-lysine (HEL), and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and of 14 PFR metabolites were measured in morning spot urine samples of 7-year-old children (n = 400). Associations between PFR metabolites or PFR metabolite mixtures and oxidative stress biomarkers were examined by multiple regression analysis and weighted quantile sum regression analysis, respectively. We found that the non-chlorinated PFR metabolites, 2-ethylhexyl phenyl phosphate (EHPHP), bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) were associated with increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, the PFR metabolite mixture was associated with increased levels of HEL and HNE, but not 8-OHdG. The combination of elevated top 2 PFR metabolites was not associated with higher urinary oxidative stress marker levels. This is the first study to report associations between urinary PFR metabolites and oxidative stress biomarkers among children. Keywords: Organophosphate flame retardant (PFR), Urinary metabolites, Oxidative stress biomarkers, Multiple exposures |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:31:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1e1d414611c54a10b3f419461534bb72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:31:57Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-1e1d414611c54a10b3f419461534bb722022-12-21T22:59:41ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202019-10-01131Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido StudyYu Ait Bamai0Michiel Bastiaensen1Atsuko Araki2Houman Goudarzi3Satoshi Konno4Sachiko Ito5Chihiro Miyashita6Yiming Yao7Adrian Covaci8Reiko Kishi9Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, JapanToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, BelgiumHokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Corresponding authors at: Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.Hokkaido University Center for Medical Education and International Relations, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, JapanHokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0815, JapanHokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, JapanHokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, JapanToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaToxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, BelgiumHokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Corresponding authors at: Hokkaido University Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are used as additives in plastics and other applications such as curtains and carpets as a replacement for brominated flame retardants. As such, exposure to PFR mixtures is widespread, with children being more vulnerable than adults to associated health risks such as allergies and inflammation. Oxidative stress is thought to be able to modulate the development of childhood airway inflammation and atopic dermatitis. To evaluate these associations, the present study investigated the relationship between urinary PFR metabolites, their mixtures and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in children as part of the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health. The levels of the oxidative stress biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), hexanoyl-lysine (HEL), and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and of 14 PFR metabolites were measured in morning spot urine samples of 7-year-old children (n = 400). Associations between PFR metabolites or PFR metabolite mixtures and oxidative stress biomarkers were examined by multiple regression analysis and weighted quantile sum regression analysis, respectively. We found that the non-chlorinated PFR metabolites, 2-ethylhexyl phenyl phosphate (EHPHP), bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) were associated with increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, the PFR metabolite mixture was associated with increased levels of HEL and HNE, but not 8-OHdG. The combination of elevated top 2 PFR metabolites was not associated with higher urinary oxidative stress marker levels. This is the first study to report associations between urinary PFR metabolites and oxidative stress biomarkers among children. Keywords: Organophosphate flame retardant (PFR), Urinary metabolites, Oxidative stress biomarkers, Multiple exposureshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019313467 |
| spellingShingle | Yu Ait Bamai Michiel Bastiaensen Atsuko Araki Houman Goudarzi Satoshi Konno Sachiko Ito Chihiro Miyashita Yiming Yao Adrian Covaci Reiko Kishi Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study Environment International |
| title | Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study |
| title_full | Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study |
| title_fullStr | Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study |
| title_short | Multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children: The Hokkaido Study |
| title_sort | multiple exposures to organophosphate flame retardants alter urinary oxidative stress biomarkers among children the hokkaido study |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019313467 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yuaitbamai multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT michielbastiaensen multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT atsukoaraki multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT houmangoudarzi multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT satoshikonno multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT sachikoito multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT chihiromiyashita multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT yimingyao multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT adriancovaci multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy AT reikokishi multipleexposurestoorganophosphateflameretardantsalterurinaryoxidativestressbiomarkersamongchildrenthehokkaidostudy |